Trifolium macraei |
Trifolium pinetorum |
|
---|---|---|
Chilean clover, Macrae's clover |
pine clover, pinewoods clover, woods clover |
|
Habit | Herbs annual, 3–30 cm, pubescent. | Herbs perennial, 5–30 cm, glabrous or sparsely pilose; rhizomes absent, roots stout, branched. |
Stems | erect, ascending, or prostrate, branched. |
prostrate to ascending, branched. |
Leaves | palmate; stipules ovate to oblong, 0.6–1 cm, margins entire, apex acuminate to cuspidate; petiole 0.5–6 cm; petiolules to 0.5 mm; leaflets 3, blades obovate, oblanceolate, or elliptic, 0.6–1.6 × 0.3–1.2 cm, base cuneate, veins obscure or slightly thickened, margins subentire to serrate, apex rounded, retuse, surfaces pubescent. |
palmate; stipules lanceolate-ovate, 0.7–1.3 cm, margins entire, apex acuminate; petiole 1–8.5 cm; petiolules 1–1.5 mm; leaflets 3, blades oblanceolate or obovate, 0.5–2.9 × 0.4–1.3 cm, base cuneate, veins prominent, margins denticulate to spinulose, apex usually rounded or truncate, sometimes retuse, surfaces glabrous. |
Inflorescences | terminal or subterminal, usually paired, sometimes one head slightly stalked, partially hidden by terminal leaves and stipules, 10–40-flowered, ovoid or subglobose, 0.8–2.5 × 0.5–2 cm; involucres absent, involucrelike structure formed from terminal leaves and stipules. |
axillary or terminal, 10–20-flowered, obconic, globose, or subglobose, 1.7–2.5 × 1.–1.5 cm; involucres broadly campanulate, 6–8 mm, incised ± 3/4 their length, lobes 15–20, linear-lanceolate, entire, acuminate. |
Peduncles | 0–0.2 cm. |
4–6 cm. |
Pedicels | absent; bracteoles broadly ovate to linear, 1–2 mm. |
erect to slightly reflexed, 1–2 mm; bracteoles ovate, 0.5 mm. |
Flowers | 5.5–7.5 mm; calyx tubular, 4–5 mm, pubescent, veins 5–10, tube 1.5–2 mm, lobes subequal, subulate, orifice open; corolla usually purple or pink, rarely white, 5–7 mm, banner obovate-oblong, 6–7 × 2–3 mm, apex rounded, slightly denticulate. |
10–16 mm; calyx campanulate, 6–10 mm, glabrous, veins 10, tube 2–2.3 mm, lobes ± equal, subulate, 3–5 mm, orifice open; corolla white to pale purple, keel petals with dark purple-red tips, 11–13 mm, banner oblong, 11–13 × 4–5 mm, apex retuse. |
Legumes | oblong, 2.5–3 mm. |
short-stipitate, oblong, 3.5–5 mm. |
Seeds | 1, yellow, mottled, ellipsoid, 1.6–2 mm, smooth. |
1 or 2, olive-brown, mottled purple, oblong, 1.5 mm, smooth, semiglossy. |
2n | = 16. |
= 16. |
Trifolium macraei |
Trifolium pinetorum |
|
Phenology | Flowering May–Jun. | Flowering Jun–Oct. |
Habitat | Grassy fields, sandy ocean bluffs. | Disturbed areas in pine, fir, or spruce forests. |
Elevation | 0–800 m. (0–2600 ft.) | 2300–2800 m. (7500–9200 ft.) |
Distribution |
CA; OR; South America (Chile)
|
AZ; NM; Mexico (Chihuahua)
|
Discussion | Trifolium macraei was described from specimens collected in Chile; the South American plants have broader banners, smaller auricles on the wing petals, and styles that are barely curved upwards distally (D. Isely 1998). Further examination of the disjunct populations may reveal other differences and prompt reconsideration of the identity of North American specimens. The record from Massachusetts is a waif. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Trifolium pinetorum is found in Cochise, Coconino, Pima, and Santa Cruz counties in Arizona, and Catron, Grant, Lincoln, and Otero counties in New Mexico, as well as the Sierra Madre in Chihuahua, Mexico. It occupies disturbed areas in pine-fir-spruce forests, and has adapted well to anthropogenic disturbances, such as roadsides and other graded areas (J. M. Gillett 1980). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | T. bicephalum, T. catalinae, T. mercedense, T. traskiae | T. longicaule, T. willdenovii var. longicaule, T. wormskioldii var. longicaule |
Name authority | Hooker & Arnott: Bot. Misc. 3: 179. (1833) | Greene: Erythea 2: 182. (1894) |
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