Trifolium macraei |
Trifolium arvense |
|
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Chilean clover, Macrae's clover |
hare's foot, hare's-foot clover, rabbit's-foot clover, rabbit-foot clover |
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Habit | Herbs annual, 3–30 cm, pubescent. | Herbs annual, 5–30 cm, villous. |
Stems | erect, ascending, or prostrate, branched. |
erect, branched distally. |
Leaves | palmate; stipules ovate to oblong, 0.6–1 cm, margins entire, apex acuminate to cuspidate; petiole 0.5–6 cm; petiolules to 0.5 mm; leaflets 3, blades obovate, oblanceolate, or elliptic, 0.6–1.6 × 0.3–1.2 cm, base cuneate, veins obscure or slightly thickened, margins subentire to serrate, apex rounded, retuse, surfaces pubescent. |
palmate; stipules linear-lanceolate to ovate-oblong, 0.5–0.8 cm, margins entire, apex filiform; petiole 0.4–4.5 cm; petiolules 1+ mm; leaflets 3, blades linear-oblong to narrowly elliptic, 1–2 × 0.2–0.5 cm, base cuneate, veins fine, margins denticulate distally, apex mucronate, surfaces hairy. |
Inflorescences | terminal or subterminal, usually paired, sometimes one head slightly stalked, partially hidden by terminal leaves and stipules, 10–40-flowered, ovoid or subglobose, 0.8–2.5 × 0.5–2 cm; involucres absent, involucrelike structure formed from terminal leaves and stipules. |
axillary or terminal, 30–100-flowered, ovoid or cylindric, elongate in fruit, 1–2.3 × 0.9–1.2 cm; involucres absent. |
Peduncles | 0–0.2 cm. |
0.5–2.5 cm. |
Pedicels | absent; bracteoles broadly ovate to linear, 1–2 mm. |
straight, to 0.5 mm; bracteoles obtuse, to 0.1 mm. |
Flowers | 5.5–7.5 mm; calyx tubular, 4–5 mm, pubescent, veins 5–10, tube 1.5–2 mm, lobes subequal, subulate, orifice open; corolla usually purple or pink, rarely white, 5–7 mm, banner obovate-oblong, 6–7 × 2–3 mm, apex rounded, slightly denticulate. |
5–8 mm; calyx campanulate, 5–8 mm, villous, veins 10, tube 1.2–1.8 mm, lobes purple or pink, subequal, setacous, orifice open, hairy; corolla white to pink, 3–6 mm, much shorter than calyx, banner narrowly ovate-elliptic, 5–5.5 × 1–1.5 mm, apex obtuse. |
Legumes | oblong, 2.5–3 mm. |
ovoid, leathery distally, transversely dehiscent, 1.5–2 mm. |
Seeds | 1, yellow, mottled, ellipsoid, 1.6–2 mm, smooth. |
1, yellow, globose, 1 mm, smooth, glossy. |
2n | = 16. |
= 14. |
Trifolium macraei |
Trifolium arvense |
|
Phenology | Flowering May–Jun. | Flowering Mar–Jun. |
Habitat | Grassy fields, sandy ocean bluffs. | Waste places, roadsides, fields. |
Elevation | 0–800 m. (0–2600 ft.) | 0–1300 m. (0–4300 ft.) |
Distribution |
CA; OR; South America (Chile)
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AL; AR; AZ; CA; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NH; NJ; NM; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; TN; TX; UT; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; BC; NB; NF; NS; ON; PE; QC; SPM; s Europe; w Asia; n Africa [Introduced in North America; introduced also in s South America (Argentina, Chile, Uruguay), s Africa, Pacific Islands (New Zealand), Australia]
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Discussion | Trifolium macraei was described from specimens collected in Chile; the South American plants have broader banners, smaller auricles on the wing petals, and styles that are barely curved upwards distally (D. Isely 1998). Further examination of the disjunct populations may reveal other differences and prompt reconsideration of the identity of North American specimens. The record from Massachusetts is a waif. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Trifolium arvense is widely distributed throughout the flora area. It was listed among cultivated clovers by F. J. Hermann (1953); J. M. Gillett (1985) expressed doubt that it had been cultivated. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | T. bicephalum, T. catalinae, T. mercedense, T. traskiae | |
Name authority | Hooker & Arnott: Bot. Misc. 3: 179. (1833) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 769. (1753) |
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