Trifolium lemmonii |
Trifolium vesiculosum |
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Lemmon's clover |
arrow-leaf clover |
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Habit | Herbs perennial, subcaulescent, 10–20 cm, appressed-pubescent. | Herbs annual, 15–70 cm, glabrous. |
Stems | cespitose, branched. |
erect or ascending, branched. |
Leaves | palmate; stipules ovate to lanceolate, 0.8–1 cm, margins irregularly lobed, apex acuminate; petiole 1–16.5 cm; petiolules 0.5 mm; leaflets 3–7, blades obovate or elliptic, 0.9–1.9 × 0.5–0.8 cm, base cuneate, veins prominent abaxially, margins coarsely dentate, apex rounded, acute, or mucronate, surfaces strigose. |
palmate; stipules linear-lanceolate, 1–3.5 cm, margins entire, apex subulate or setaceous; petiole 0.5–10 cm; petiolules 1 mm; leaflet 3, blades obovate to oblong, elliptic or lanceolate, 0.5–4 × 0.5–1.5 cm, base cuneate, veins prominent, thickened, margins spinulose-denticulate, apex apiculate, surfaces glabrous. |
Inflorescences | terminal or axillary, 15–30-flowered, globose to subglobose, 2–3 × 2–3 cm; involucres a narrow membranous, dentate rim, to 0.2 mm. |
terminal or axillary, 50–100+-flowered, globose, ovoid, or oblong, 3–6 × 2–3.5 cm; involucres absent. |
Peduncles | sharply bent distally, just below flowers, 5–15 cm, surpassing leaves. |
1–12 cm. |
Pedicels | reflexed in fruit, 2–3 mm; bracteoles minute, cuplike, membranous, minute. |
absent; bracteoles lanceolate, 6–7 mm, acuminate. |
Flowers | 11–13 mm; calyx purple, campanulate, 3–5 mm, slightly pilose, veins 5 (obscure), tube 2–2.5 mm, lobes subequal, subulate, orifice open; corolla white to pink, 10–12 mm, banner oblong-obovate, 10–12 × 4–5 mm, apex rounded, emarginate. |
12–16 mm; calyx urceolate, not bilabiate, inflated in fruit, 6–10 mm, glabrous, veins 20–36, connected by transverse veins in fruit, tube 3–5 mm, lobes reflexed, subequal, subulate, as long as tube, orifice constricted; corolla white becoming pink, 12–15 mm, banner ovate, broadly clawed, striate, 12–15 × 2–4 mm, apex acute-acuminate. |
Legumes | oblong, 3.2–3.5 mm. |
ellipsoid, 2.5–2.5 mm, shorter than calyx. |
Seeds | 1, dark brown, ellipsoid, 2.5–3 mm, smooth. |
2 or 3, brown, ovoid, 1–1.5 mm, roughened. |
2n | = 16. |
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Trifolium lemmonii |
Trifolium vesiculosum |
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Phenology | Flowering Jul–Aug. | Flowering Apr–Jul. |
Habitat | Dry, rocky soils, roadsides. | Fields, roadsides, forest openings. |
Elevation | 1500–2500 m. (4900–8200 ft.) | 0–1000 m. (0–3300 ft.) |
Distribution |
CA; NV
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AL; AR; CA; FL; GA; LA; MA; MO; MS; OK; OR; SC; TX; VA; WA; s Europe; e Europe; w Asia [Introduced in North America]
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Discussion | Populations of Trifolium lemmonii studied by S. J. Sommer (1999) fall into two groups, east (in Sierra County, California, and Washoe County, Nevada) and west (in Plumas County, California) of a gap where no suitable habitat is known; gene flow between these two regions appears to be limited. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Trifolium vesiculosum was first introduced into cultivation in the United States in 1963 and is grown in southern and western states (J. D. Miller and H. D. Wells 1985). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Lupinaster lemmonii | |
Name authority | S. Watson: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 11: 127. (1876) — (as lemmoni) | Savi: Fl. Pis. 2: 165. (1798) — (as vessiculosum) |
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