Trifolium howellii |
Trifolium piorkowskii |
|
---|---|---|
canyon clover, Howell's clover |
marshmallow clover, Piorkowski's clover |
|
Habit | Herbs perennial, 30–100 cm, glabrous. | Herbs annual, 7–30 cm, glabrous. |
Stems | erect, fistulose, unbranched or branched distally. |
erect or ascending, sparsely to much branched. |
Leaves | palmate; stipules ovate, 1.5–4.5 cm, margins usually entire, sometimes lobed, apex acuminate; petiole 0.5–20 cm; petiolules 1–1.5 mm; leaflets 3, blades ovate, elliptic, or rhombic, 3.5–9.5 × 2.3–5 cm, base cuneate, veins obscure, margins ± serrate, apex acute, rounded, or obtuse, surfaces glabrous. |
palmate; stipules ovate-lanceolate, 1–1.5 cm, margins entire, apex acute-acuminate; petiole 8–12 cm; petiolules 1 mm; leaflets 3, blades oblanceolate or obovate, 2.8 × 1.9 cm, base cuneate, veins delicate, margins entire or shallowly dentate distally, lateral veins sometimes ending in a bristle, apex rounded to acute, surfaces glabrous. |
Inflorescences | terminal or axillary, 20–70-flowered, globose or ellipsoid, 2.5–4 × 2–2.5 cm, rachis prolonged beyond flowers, undivided or forked, often bearing sterile flower buds distally; involucres absent. |
axillary or terminal, 3–16-flowered, in 1–3 whorls, subglobose, 2–2.8 × 1.8–2.6 cm; involucres bowl-shaped, 6–15 mm, lobes 6–8, broadly lanceolate, margins entire, acuminate, apex 3–5-fid. |
Peduncles | 3–11 cm. |
5–15 cm. |
Pedicels | strongly reflexed in fruit, 1 mm; bracteoles minute, blunt or acute, membranous. |
straight, 0.5–1 mm; bracteoles absent. |
Flowers | 10–14 mm; calyx campanulate, gibbous, 4–5.5 mm, glabrous, veins 10, tube 2–2.5 mm, lobes subequal, linear-lanceolate, orifice open; corolla white, lemon yellow, or greenish yellow, 11–12 mm, banner elliptic-oblong, 11–12 × 4–5 mm, apex obtuse. |
12–14 mm; calyx campanulate, 5–8 mm, glabrous, veins 10, tube 2.5–4 mm, lobes 11–15, unequal, abaxial 3–5 forked, adaxial unbranched, orifice open; corolla creamy white to pinkish, 11–13 mm, banner ovate, inflated entire length in fruit, not distally twisted, 11–13 × 5–7 mm, apex rounded. |
Legumes | oblong or clavate, 4–5 mm. |
ellipsoid, 5–6 mm. |
Seeds | 1–3, reddish black or brown, angular, mitten-shaped, 2.5 mm, smooth or slightly roughened, dull. |
1 or 2, gray-brown, black-mottled, subglobose, 2.5 mm, smooth. |
Trifolium howellii |
Trifolium piorkowskii |
|
Phenology | Flowering Jun–Jul. | Flowering Apr–May. |
Habitat | Wet stream banks, wet meadows, flood plains, shady woodlands, springs, thickets. | Shallow, vernally wet depressions on volcanic flats, banks of watercourses flowing through open rocky grassland, transitional habitats with scattered chaparral and conifers. |
Elevation | 800–2000 m. (2600–6600 ft.) | 300–800 m. (1000–2600 ft.) |
Distribution |
CA; OR
|
CA |
Discussion | Trifolium howellii is known from Del Norte, Humboldt, Siskiyou, and Trinity counties in California, and Clackamas, Douglas, Jackson, Josephine, Klamath, Lane, and Linn counties in Oregon (J. M. Gillett 1972). It has some of the largest leaves of any species of Trifolium in North America. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Trifolium piorkowskii is known only from Shasta County. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium |
Sibling taxa | ||
Name authority | S. Watson: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 23: 262. (1888) | Rand. Morgan & A. L. Barber: Novon, 23: 65, plate 1. (2014) |
Web links |