Trifolium hirtum |
Trifolium grayi |
|
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rose clover |
andrews' clover, Gray's clover |
|
Habit | Herbs annual, 10–35 cm, densely spreading-hairy. | Herbs annual, 10–40 cm, densely pubescent or glabrate. |
Stems | curved-ascending, branched. |
erect, branched. |
Leaves | palmate; stipules lanceolate-ovate, 0.8–1.8 cm, margins entire, apex long-setaceous; petiole 0.5–5 cm; petiolules 0.5 mm; leaflets 3, blades obovate to oblong, 0.8–2.5 × 0.5–1.3 cm, base cuneate, veins prominent, closely-spaced, margins denticulate distally, apex rounded, surfaces densely spreading-hairy. |
palmate; stipules ovate, 0.5–1.5 cm, margins toothed or lacerate, apex acute-acuminate; petiole 1–15 cm; petiolules 1 mm; leaflets 3, blades elliptic, oblanceolate, or obovate, 2–2.5 × 1–1.5 cm, base cuneate, veins fine, margins dentate-serrate to crenulate, teeth shortly aristate, apex obtuse or broadly acute, surfaces pubescent or glabrate. |
Inflorescences | terminal on branches, 10–50-flowered, globose or ovoid, disarticulating in fruit, 1.5–2.5 × 1.5–2.5 cm; involucres absent, involucrelike structures formed by enlarged stipules. |
axillary or terminal, 5–30-flowered, subglobose or globose, 1.8–3 × 2–3 cm; involucres bowl-shaped, 10–25 mm, lobes 6–16, sharply setaceous-toothed, sinuses shallow. |
Peduncles | absent. |
2–15 cm. |
Pedicels | absent; bracteoles absent. |
straight, 0.5 mm; bracteoles absent. |
Flowers | 10–17 mm; calyx campanulate, 7–11 mm, pilose, veins 20, tube 2–5 mm, lobes subequal, abaxial slightly longer, orifice hairy, open; corolla purplish red, 10–14 mm, banner lanceolate, 10–14 × 1–2 mm, apex acute-acuminate. |
10–17 mm; calyx campanulate, 6–13 mm, pubescent, veins 5, tube 3–5 mm, lobes unequal, setaceous, abaxial inconspicuously 2- or 3-fid, adaxial unbranched, segments plumose, orifice open; corolla usually lavender or purple, sometimes purple with white tips, 8–16 mm, banner oblong, proximally inflated in fruit, distally narrowed into twisted tip, 3–5 × 10–13 mm, apex obtuse, truncate, or emarginate. |
Legumes | ovoid, leathery distally, transversely dehiscent, 2–3 mm. |
stipitate, ovoid-ellipsoid, 2.5–4 mm. |
Seeds | 1, tan or brown, globose-ellipsoid, 1.5–2 mm, smooth, glossy. |
1 or 2, pale brown, mottled, ellipsoid to mitten-shaped, 1.6–2 mm, rugose. |
2n | = 10. |
|
Trifolium hirtum |
Trifolium grayi |
|
Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jun. | Flowering Apr–Jun. |
Habitat | Fields, roadsides. | Wet meadows, foothill slopes, pine woodlands. |
Elevation | 0–2100 m. (0–6900 ft.) | 0–600 m. (0–2000 ft.) |
Distribution |
AL; CA; FL; LA; NC; OR; TN; VA; s Europe; w Asia; n Africa [Introduced in North America; introduced also in s Africa, Pacific Islands (New Zealand), Australia]
|
CA |
Discussion | Trifolium hirtum was first cultivated in California in the 1940s as a forage plant and as a nitrogen source in roadside grass plantings (R. M. Love 1985); it is now widespread in that state. It was reported for Kentucky by D. Isely (1998); no non-cultivated specimens have been seen from that state (M. A. Vincent 2001). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Trifolium grayi, which ranges from San Luis Obispo County in the south to Mendocino County in the north, and eastward into Amador, Sacramento, and Tuolumne counties, has long been considered a variety of T. barbigerum and some authors claim that intermediates between the two species are encountered (J. S. Martin 1943; D. Isely 1998); others state that the two taxa are distinct (L. F. McDermott 1910; M. A Vincent and R. Morgan 1998). Trifolium andrewsii (A. Gray) A. Heller is an illegitimate superfluous name that pertains here. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | T. barbigerum var. andrewsii, T. barbigerum var. lilacinum, T. lilacinum | |
Name authority | Allioni: Auct. Fl. Pedem., 20. (1789) | Lojacono: Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. 15: 189. (1883) |
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