Trifolium gymnocarpon |
Trifolium barbigerum |
|
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hollyleaf clover, Nuttall's clover |
bearded clover |
|
Habit | Herbs perennial, 2–15 cm, pubescent. | Herbs annual, 7–20 cm, puberulent or glabrous. |
Stems | cespitose, numerous, short, branched from woody crown. |
decumbent or erect, branched. |
Leaves | palmate; stipules ovate to lanceolate, 0.5–1.5 cm, margins entire or irregularly dentate, apex acute to acuminate; petiole 1.5–10 cm; petiolules to 0.5 mm; leaflets 3–5, blades ovate, obovate, oblong, or elliptic, 0.8–3 × 0.2–1.8 cm, base cuneate, veins thickened distally, margins spinose-dentate, apex rounded or acute, surfaces usually pubescent, sometimes glabrous adaxially. |
palmate; stipules ovate-lanceolate, 0.5–1.1 cm, margins toothed or lacerate, apex acute-acuminate; petiole 1–10 cm; petiolules to 0.5 mm; leaflets 3, blades oblanceolate or obovate, 1.5–2.5 × 0.4–0.7 cm, base cuneate, veins fine, thickened distally, margins ± serrate or entire, apex rounded or retuse, surfaces pubescent or glabrous. |
Inflorescences | terminal, 6–15-flowered, subglobose, 1–2 × 1.3–2.4 cm; involucres a narrow, membranous, dentate rim, 0.5 mm. |
axillary or terminal, 5–20-flowered, subglobose or globose, 0.6–1.5 × 1–1.5 cm; involucres bowl-shaped, 5–15 mm, lobes 6–10, sharply setaceous-toothed, sinuses shallow. |
Peduncles | 1–6.5 cm, ± surpassing leaves, not bent distally. |
5–10 cm. |
Pedicels | erect, those of proximal flowers sometimes reflexed, 1–4 mm; bracteoles ovate-triangular, to 0.8 mm. |
straight, 0.2 mm; bracteoles absent. |
Flowers | 7.5–13 mm; calyx tubular-campanulate, 4–7.5 mm, strigose, veins 10, tube 2–3 mm, lobes subequal, narrowly triangular, orifice open; corolla pink-purple, often with whitish tips, sometimes nearly wholly whitish, 7–12 mm, banner oblong, 7–14 × 5–7 mm, apex rounded, usually retuse. |
4–6 mm; calyx campanulate, 5–9 mm, usually pubescent, rarely glabrous, veins 5, tube 2–3 mm, lobes ± equal, setaceous, often exceeding banner, orifice open; corolla usually lavender to purple, usually with white tips, rarely wholly white, 5–8 mm, banner broadly oblong, proximally inflated in fruit, distally narrowed into twisted tip, 6–8 × 6–8 mm, apex broadly acute. |
Legumes | ovoid, 4–5 mm. |
ovoid-ellipsoid, 2–3 mm. |
Seeds | 1, tan to brown, mitten-shaped, 3–4.5 mm, roughened. |
1 or 2, brown, ellipsoid to subglobose, 1–1.5 mm, slightly roughened. |
2n | = 16. |
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Trifolium gymnocarpon |
Trifolium barbigerum |
|
Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jun. | Flowering Apr–Jun. |
Habitat | Rocky slopes, clay or gumbo soils on plains. | Vernal pools, stream banks, meadows, lawns. |
Elevation | 1500–3500 m. (4900–11500 ft.) | 0–1300 m. (0–4300 ft.) |
Distribution |
AZ; CA; CO; ID; MT; NM; NV; OR; UT; WY
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CA; OR
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Discussion | Two loosely differentiated varieties or subspecies of Trifolium gymnocarpon have sometimes been recognized: var. plummerae with three to five adaxially pilose leaflets, and var. gymnocarpon with three adaxially glabrous leaflets (J. M. Gillett 1972; D. Isely 1998). There is considerable overlap among characters, and other authors have rejected the distinction (M. Zohary and D. Heller 1984; R. C. Barneby 1989). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Trifolium barbigerum is relatively common and widespread in California, and extends northward into Coos, Curry, and Jackson counties in Oregon. It is morphologically similar to T. physanthum of Chile, to which it is a sister species in phylogenetic studies (N. W. Ellison et al. 2006). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | T. gymnocarpon var. plummerae, T. gymnocarpon var. subcaulescens, T. nemorale, T. plummerae, T. subcaulescens | T. minutissimum |
Name authority | Nuttall in J. Torrey and A. Gray: Fl. N. Amer. 1: 320. (1838) | Torrey in War Department [U.S.]: Pacif. Railr. Rep. 4(5): 79. (1857) |
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