Trifolium fucatum |
Trifolium owyheense |
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bull clover, sour clover |
Owyhee clover |
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Habit | Herbs annual, 10–80 cm, glabrous or glabrescent. | Herbs perennial, 10–20 cm, glaucous, glabrous. |
Stems | erect or ascending, unbranched or densely dichotomously branched. |
cespitose, spreading, branched proximally, sparsely branched distally. |
Leaves | palmate; stipules ovate or lanceolate, 1–3 cm, margins entire or toothed, apex usually acuminate, sometimes 2-fid; petiole 3–15 cm; petiolules 1–1.5 mm; leaflets 3, blades broadly obovate, orbiculate, or rhombic-obovate, 0.8–4 × 0.7–3 cm, base broadly cuneate, veins obscure, thickened near leaflet margin, margins remotely dentate to densely serrulate-dentate, apex rounded or slightly retuse, surfaces glabrous or glabrate. |
palmate; stipules broadly obovate, 1–2 cm, fused at base, margins slightly lobed, apex acute; petiole 2–6 cm; petiolules 1–1.5 mm; leaflets 3, blades ovate, obovate, or orbiculate, slightly overlapping, 1–2 × 0.7–2.3 cm, base truncate to rounded, veins prominent, margins sparsely dentate, apex rounded, emarginate, surfaces glabrous. |
Inflorescences | terminal or axillary, 10–30-flowered, subglobose or globose, 1–4 × 1–4 cm; involucres broadly bowl-shaped, 4–15 mm, lobes 3–8, lanceolate, acuminate, undivided or 2- or 3-fid. |
terminal, 20–30-flowered, globose, usually formed of 2 sessile heads, 2.5–5 × 2.5–5 cm; involucres absent. |
Peduncles | 3–13 cm. |
3–7 cm, surpassing subtending leaves. |
Pedicels | straight, 1 mm; bracteoles distinct or connate, broadly ovate, 1 mm. |
erect, reflexed in proximalmost flowers, 1 mm; bracteoles cuplike, 0.5 mm. |
Flowers | 10–27 mm; calyx campanulate, 3–8 mm, glabrous, veins 10, tube 1.5–2.5 mm, lobes 5–10, unequal, undivided or 3-fid, long-acuminate, orifice open; corolla creamy white to yellow, pink to purple in age, keel petals rarely dark purple, 10–27 mm, banner broadly ovate, inflated in fruit, not distally twisted, 10–27 × 6–15 mm, apex rounded, erose. |
15–21 mm; calyx tubular-campanulate, 9–12 mm, pilose, veins 10, tube 4.5–6 mm, lobes subequal, abaxialmost longest, subulate, orifice open; corolla deep pink or magenta, 20–23 mm, banner tubular for most their length, 18–22 × 5–7 mm, apex flared. |
Legumes | stipitate, linear, 7–8 mm. |
ellipsoid, 4–5 mm. |
Seeds | 3–8, gray, mottled, globose, 1.6–2 mm, reticulate. |
1 or 2, yellow-mottled, mitten-shaped, 2–3 mm, smooth. |
2n | = 16. |
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Trifolium fucatum |
Trifolium owyheense |
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Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jun. | Flowering May–Jun. |
Habitat | Moist places, meadows, roadsides. | Dry shale hillsides on diatomaceous earth. |
Elevation | 0–1000 m. (0–3300 ft.) | 1000–2000 m. (3300–6600 ft.) |
Distribution |
CA; OR; WA [Introduced in Asia (China, Japan)]
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ID; OR
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Discussion | Trifolium fucatum is known as an invasive species in Japan (T. Mito and T. Uesugi 2004) and has also been introduced in China (specimen at BM). A single old collection exists from British Columbia, but the species has not been collected in that province again. The Michigan record of the species is an inadvertent waif. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Trifolium owyheense is known from about 40 populations in a small portion of east-central Malheur County in Oregon, and immediately adjacent Owyhee County in Idaho (M. Mancuso 2001). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | T. flavulum, T. fucatum var. flavulum, T. fucatum var. gambelii, T. fucatum var. virescens, T. gambelii, T. physopetalum, T. virescens | |
Name authority | Lindley: Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 22: plate 1883. (1836) | Gilkey: Madroño 13: 169, fig. 1. (1956) |
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