Trifolium fucatum |
Trifolium friscanum |
|
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bull clover, sour clover |
Frisco clover |
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Habit | Herbs annual, 10–80 cm, glabrous or glabrescent. | Herbs perennial, mat-forming, 0.8–3 cm, canescent. |
Stems | erect or ascending, unbranched or densely dichotomously branched. |
cespitose, acaulescent. |
Leaves | palmate; stipules ovate or lanceolate, 1–3 cm, margins entire or toothed, apex usually acuminate, sometimes 2-fid; petiole 3–15 cm; petiolules 1–1.5 mm; leaflets 3, blades broadly obovate, orbiculate, or rhombic-obovate, 0.8–4 × 0.7–3 cm, base broadly cuneate, veins obscure, thickened near leaflet margin, margins remotely dentate to densely serrulate-dentate, apex rounded or slightly retuse, surfaces glabrous or glabrate. |
palmate; stipules broadly lanceolate, 0.5–0.9 cm, margins entire, apex acute; petiole 0.3–1.5 cm; petiolules to 0.2 mm; leaflets 3, blades oblanceolate to obovate, often folded, 0.3–0.8 × 0.1–0.4 cm, base cuneate, veins thickened, obscured by pubescence, margins entire or toothed distally, apex acute, surfaces densely silvery-hairy. |
Inflorescences | terminal or axillary, 10–30-flowered, subglobose or globose, 1–4 × 1–4 cm; involucres broadly bowl-shaped, 4–15 mm, lobes 3–8, lanceolate, acuminate, undivided or 2- or 3-fid. |
terminal, 4–9-flowered, globose or depressed-globose, 1–1.5 × 1–2 cm; involucres absent. |
Peduncles | 3–13 cm. |
1–3 cm. |
Pedicels | straight, 1 mm; bracteoles distinct or connate, broadly ovate, 1 mm. |
erect, 0.5 mm; bracteoles absent. |
Flowers | 10–27 mm; calyx campanulate, 3–8 mm, glabrous, veins 10, tube 1.5–2.5 mm, lobes 5–10, unequal, undivided or 3-fid, long-acuminate, orifice open; corolla creamy white to yellow, pink to purple in age, keel petals rarely dark purple, 10–27 mm, banner broadly ovate, inflated in fruit, not distally twisted, 10–27 × 6–15 mm, apex rounded, erose. |
9–11 mm; calyx campanulate, 8.5–9.5 mm, canescent, veins 5–10 (obscured by hairs), tube 2.5–3 mm, lobes subequal, subulate, orifice open; corolla with magenta banner, pale pink wing and keel petals, 8–10 mm, banner oblong, 8–10 × 2–3 mm, apex acute. |
Legumes | stipitate, linear, 7–8 mm. |
depressed-ellipsoid, 3–4 mm. |
Seeds | 3–8, gray, mottled, globose, 1.6–2 mm, reticulate. |
1, brown, reniform, 2–2.5 mm, smooth. |
2n | = 16. |
= 16. |
Trifolium fucatum |
Trifolium friscanum |
|
Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jun. | Flowering Jun–Jul. |
Habitat | Moist places, meadows, roadsides. | Volcanic gravel and limestone in pinyon-juniper woodlands. |
Elevation | 0–1000 m. (0–3300 ft.) | 2100–2300 m. (6900–7500 ft.) |
Distribution |
CA; OR; WA [Introduced in Asia (China, Japan)]
|
UT |
Discussion | Trifolium fucatum is known as an invasive species in Japan (T. Mito and T. Uesugi 2004) and has also been introduced in China (specimen at BM). A single old collection exists from British Columbia, but the species has not been collected in that province again. The Michigan record of the species is an inadvertent waif. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Trifolium friscanum is a rare species endemic to the Great Basin and is known from only five populations occupying nine sites in Beaver and Millard counties (D. Tilley 2012). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | T. flavulum, T. fucatum var. flavulum, T. fucatum var. gambelii, T. fucatum var. virescens, T. gambelii, T. physopetalum, T. virescens | T. andersonii var. friscanum |
Name authority | Lindley: Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 22: plate 1883. (1836) | (S. L. Welsh) S. L. Welsh: Rhodora 95: 407. (1993) |
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