Trifolium fucatum |
Trifolium andinum |
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bull clover, sour clover |
Great Divide clover, intermountain clover |
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Habit | Herbs annual, 10–80 cm, glabrous or glabrescent. | Herbs perennial, 5–15 cm, pubescent. |
Stems | erect or ascending, unbranched or densely dichotomously branched. |
erect or ascending, cespitose, much-branched. |
Leaves | palmate; stipules ovate or lanceolate, 1–3 cm, margins entire or toothed, apex usually acuminate, sometimes 2-fid; petiole 3–15 cm; petiolules 1–1.5 mm; leaflets 3, blades broadly obovate, orbiculate, or rhombic-obovate, 0.8–4 × 0.7–3 cm, base broadly cuneate, veins obscure, thickened near leaflet margin, margins remotely dentate to densely serrulate-dentate, apex rounded or slightly retuse, surfaces glabrous or glabrate. |
palmate; stipules oblanceolate, 0.5–1.4 cm, margins entire, apex acute-acuminate; petiole 0.5–4 cm; petiolules to 0.1 mm; leaflets 3, blades oblanceolate, often folded, 0.4–1.5 × 0.2–0.4 cm, base cuneate, veins obscure, margins subentire to denticulate distally, apex acute, mucronulate, surfaces villous. |
Inflorescences | terminal or axillary, 10–30-flowered, subglobose or globose, 1–4 × 1–4 cm; involucres broadly bowl-shaped, 4–15 mm, lobes 3–8, lanceolate, acuminate, undivided or 2- or 3-fid. |
terminal, usually formed of 2 sessile heads, 15–25-flowered, globose, 0.8–2 × 0.6–1.5 cm; involucres absent, distal stipules and leaves sometimes forming involucrelike structure. |
Peduncles | 3–13 cm. |
between distal leaves or involucrelike structure and inflorescences 0.5–6 cm. |
Pedicels | straight, 1 mm; bracteoles distinct or connate, broadly ovate, 1 mm. |
straight, (0–)1–2 mm; bracteoles broadly ovate, truncate, membranous, to 0.5 mm. |
Flowers | 10–27 mm; calyx campanulate, 3–8 mm, glabrous, veins 10, tube 1.5–2.5 mm, lobes 5–10, unequal, undivided or 3-fid, long-acuminate, orifice open; corolla creamy white to yellow, pink to purple in age, keel petals rarely dark purple, 10–27 mm, banner broadly ovate, inflated in fruit, not distally twisted, 10–27 × 6–15 mm, apex rounded, erose. |
10–15 mm; calyx tubular-campanulate, 6–9 mm, rough-hairy or glabrous, veins 10, tube 3–6 mm, lobes subequal, subulate, orifice open; corolla light purple, 10–15 mm, banner oblong, 9–13 × 3–4 mm, apex rounded or truncate; ovaries pubescent distally. |
Legumes | stipitate, linear, 7–8 mm. |
ellipsoid, 4–5 mm. |
Seeds | 3–8, gray, mottled, globose, 1.6–2 mm, reticulate. |
1 or 2, brown, ovoid, 1.5–2 mm, smooth. |
2n | = 16. |
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Trifolium fucatum |
Trifolium andinum |
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Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jun. | Flowering May–Jun. |
Habitat | Moist places, meadows, roadsides. | Shale or clay bluffs and hilltops, crevices of volcanic or limestone rock, pinyon-juniper belt. |
Elevation | 0–1000 m. (0–3300 ft.) | 1600–2300 m. (5200–7500 ft.) |
Distribution |
CA; OR; WA [Introduced in Asia (China, Japan)]
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AZ; CO; NM; NV; UT; WY
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Discussion | Trifolium fucatum is known as an invasive species in Japan (T. Mito and T. Uesugi 2004) and has also been introduced in China (specimen at BM). A single old collection exists from British Columbia, but the species has not been collected in that province again. The Michigan record of the species is an inadvertent waif. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Trifolium andinum ranges from central and southern Nevada into west-central Utah, north-central Arizona to southeastern Utah, north-central New Mexico, and northeastern Utah into southwestern Wyoming. Differentiation of T. andinum into subspecific taxa proved impossible, since no consistent gaps in morphological traits could be found. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | T. flavulum, T. fucatum var. flavulum, T. fucatum var. gambelii, T. fucatum var. virescens, T. gambelii, T. physopetalum, T. virescens | T. andinum var. canone, T. andinum var. navajoense, T. andinum var. podocephalum, T. andinum var. wahwahense |
Name authority | Lindley: Edwards’s Bot. Reg. 22: plate 1883. (1836) | Nuttall in J. Torrey and A. Gray: Fl. N. Amer. 1: 314. (1838) |
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