Trifolium douglasii |
Trifolium angustifolium |
|
---|---|---|
Douglas' clover |
narrow-leaf clover, narrow-leaf crimson clover |
|
Habit | Herbs perennial, 20–75 cm, glabrous or slightly pilose. | Herbs annual, 10–30 cm, appressed-pubescent. |
Stems | erect, unbranched or sparsely branched. |
erect, unbranched to sparsely branched. |
Leaves | palmate; stipules lanceolate to ovate, 1.5–6.5 cm, margins setose-serrulate or entire, apex acuminate; petiole 1.5–15 cm; petiolules 1 mm; leaflets 3, blades elliptic-oblanceolate to linear-elliptic, 3–9.5 × 0.5–1.6 cm, base cuneate, lateral veins prominent, recurved, dichotomously forked near margin, margins setose-denticulate to serrate, apex rounded or acute, surfaces glaucous, glabrous, sometimes sparsely pubescent abaxially. |
palmate; stipules lanceolate to linear, 0.5–2.2 cm, margins entire, apex lanceolate-linear; petiole 2–3 cm; petiolules 1+ mm; leaflets 3, blades linear-lanceolate, 3–5 × 0.2–0.4 cm, base cuneate, veins fine, margins entire, apex acute, surfaces hairy. |
Inflorescences | terminal or axillary, 30–50+-flowered, umbellate, globose to ovoid, 1.5–5 × 2–3.5 cm; involucres absent. |
terminal, 25–75-flowered, spicate, cylindric or conic, 3–8 × 1.5–2 cm; involucres absent. |
Peduncles | 3–12 cm. |
1–2.2 cm. |
Pedicels | erect or slightly reflexed, to 0.2 mm; bracteoles minute. |
erect, 0.5 mm; bracteoles absent. |
Flowers | 14–16 mm; calyx campanulate, 6–9 mm, pilose, veins 15–20, tube 1.5–3 mm, lobes unequal, narrow, triangular or subulate, abaxial lobe straight, lateral and adaxial tortuous, recurved inwards around corolla, orifice open; corolla magenta, 12–16 mm, banner oblong, 12–16 × 4–6 mm, apex flared, acute or obtuse; ovaries glabrous or pubescent distally. |
10–13 mm; calyx tubular, 8–13 mm, tuberculate with appressed, stiff hairs, veins 10, tube 3–5 mm, lobes unequal, abaxial lobes longest, subulate-setaceous, spreading stellate in fruit, orifice closed by bilabiate callosities, hairy; corolla usually pale pink or purple, rarely white, 9–12 mm, banner ovate-elliptic, 9–12 × 2–2.5 mm, apex notched. |
Legumes | ovoid, 3–4.5 mm. |
ovoid, leathery distally, transversely dehiscent, 2.2–2.5 mm. |
Seeds | 1 or 2, tan to brown, ovoid, 1–1.5 mm, slightly roughened. |
1, light brown or yellow, ovoid, 1.6–2 mm, smooth, glossy. |
2n | = 16. |
= 14, 16. |
Trifolium douglasii |
Trifolium angustifolium |
|
Phenology | Flowering Jun–Jul. | Flowering Mar–Apr. |
Habitat | Moist meadows, rich soils in prairies, stream bottoms and banks, openings in pine forests. | Waste places, fields, meadows. |
Elevation | 600–1500 m. (2000–4900 ft.) | 0–1000 m. (0–3300 ft.) |
Distribution |
ID; OR; WA
|
AL; CA; OR; SC; Europe; w Asia; n Africa; Atlantic Islands (Canary Islands) [Introduced in North America; introduced also in s South America (Chile, Uruguay), s Africa, Pacific Islands (New Zealand), Australia]
|
Discussion | Trifolium douglasii is rare throughout its range and has been impacted by agricultural practices (P. Camp et al. 2011). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Trifolium angustifolium is spreading rapidly in west-central California and is weedy in many regions globally (R. P. Randall 2002). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | T. altissimum | |
Name authority | House: Bot. Gaz. 41: 335. (1906) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 769. (1753) |
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