Trifolium cyathiferum |
Trifolium haydenii |
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bowl clover, cup clover |
Hayden's clover |
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Habit | Herbs annual, 5–50 cm, glabrous. | Herbs perennial, 5–10 cm, glabrous. |
Stems | erect, branched. |
ascending, cespitose, short-branched. |
Leaves | palmate; stipules ovate to lanceolate, 0.6–1.2 cm, margins entire, toothed, or lacerate, apex acute or aristate; petiole 1–10 cm; petiolules to 0.5 mm; leaflets 3, blades obovate, elliptic, or oblanceolate, 0.5–2.5 × 0.3–1.5 cm, base cuneate, veins prominent, green, margins finely toothed, apex rounded, blunt, or retuse, surfaces glabrous. |
mostly basal, palmate; stipules lanceolate, 0.4–0.8 cm, margins entire or lobed, apex acute or acuminate; petiole 1–6 cm; petiolules to 0.5 mm; leaflets 3, blades broadly ovate, 0.4–2 × 0.3–1.5 cm, base cuneate, veins thickened distally, ± straight, sometimes arching distally, 0.5+ mm apart, 5–10 pairs of primary veins, margins sharply antrorse-serrate, apex acute, short-apiculate, surfaces glabrous. |
Inflorescences | axillary or terminal, 1–35-flowered, subglobose or ovoid, 0.5–1.8 × 0.5–2 cm; involucres broadly bowl-shaped, 4–22 mm, shallowly incised, lobes 3–15, toothed, broad, acute. |
terminal, 5–20-flowered, erect, globose or subglobose, 0.5–1.5 × 0.8–2.5 cm, rachis prolonged beyond flowers, undivided or forked, often bearing sterile flower buds distally; involucres a narrow, membranous, dentate rim, 0.5 mm. |
Peduncles | 1–8 cm. |
straight distally, proximal to inflorescence, 5–8 cm. |
Pedicels | straight, 0.1–0.2 mm; bracteoles absent. |
strongly reflexed, 1.5 mm; bracteoles broadly ovate, truncate, membranous, to 0.5 mm. |
Flowers | 7–15 mm; calyx campanulate, inflated in fruit, 6–13 mm, glabrous, veins 13–20, tube 3–7 mm, lobes unequal, strongly oblique, broadly triangular, apex setaceous, adaxial unbranched, abaxial and lateral conspicuously 2- or 3-fid, segments glabrous, sometimes flattened, orifice open; corolla usually creamy white or rose to pink, sometimes whitish with pinkish tips, 6–13 mm, banner obovate or elliptic, proximally inflated in fruit, distally narrowed into twisted tip, 6–13 × 3–6 mm, apex rounded to broadly acute. |
13–17 mm; calyx campanulate, 4.5–6.5 mm, glabrous, veins 10 (5 sometimes faint), tube 2–3 mm, lobes subequal, narrowly triangular-subulate, equaling tube, orifice open; corolla salmon, buff-pink, or pink, with white or cream tips, 13–17 mm, banner broadly elliptic-oblong, 13–17 × 6–8 mm, apex rounded, retuse or slightly apiculate. |
Legumes | ellipsoid, 2.5–3 mm. |
stipitate, obovoid-oblong, 6–7 mm. |
Seeds | 1 or 2, yellow-brown, ovoid, 0.4–0.6 mm, smooth. |
1–4, brown, lenticular-ovoid, 2.5–3 mm, smooth. |
2n | = 16. |
= 16. |
Trifolium cyathiferum |
Trifolium haydenii |
|
Phenology | Flowering Apr–Oct. | Flowering Jun–Aug. |
Habitat | Wet meadows, roadsides, fields. | Alpine and subalpine slopes. |
Elevation | 0–2700 m. (0–8900 ft.) | 2200–3800 m. (7200–12500 ft.) |
Distribution |
AK; CA; ID; MT; NV; OR; WA; BC; YT [Introduced in Asia (China, Japan)]
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ID; MT; WY
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Discussion | Trifolium cyathiferum may be of hybrid origin; phylogenetic studies indicate it has the same trnL intron sequence as T. buckwestiorum, T. polyodon, and T. variegatum and nrDNA and combined analyses place it in a clade with other species (T. barbigerum, T. fucatum, T. jokerstii, and T. physanthum Hooker & Arnott) that have inflated fruiting corollas (N. W. Ellison et al. 2006). The single record of Trifolium cyathiferum labeled as from Utah is likely mislabeled (S. L. Welsh et al. 2008). Populations in Yukon may be introductions. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Trifolium haydenii, which is found in east-central Idaho, southwestern Montana, and northwestern Wyoming, appears related to T. kingii, T. productum, and similar species (J. M. Gillett 1972) and is sometimes confused with T. latifolium (Gillett 1969), from which it differs by the absence of hairs. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | T. idahoense | |
Name authority | Lindley: Bot. Reg. 13: sub plate 1070. (1827) | Porter in F. V. Hayden: Prelim. Rep. U.S. Geol. Surv. Montana, 480. (1872) — (as haydeni) |
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