Trifolium columbinum |
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olive clover |
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Habit | Herbs annual, 8–30 cm, canescent. |
Stems | erect, branched from base and distally, or unbranched. |
Leaves | palmate; stipules ovate, 0.4–1.2 cm, margins entire, ciliate, apex often purple, acuminate, setaceous; petiole 0.5–8 cm; petiolules 0.5–1 mm; leaflets 3, blades obovate or elliptic, 0.5–3 × 0.3–1.2 cm, base cuneate, veins obscure or slightly thickened, margins dentate, apex rounded or emarginate, surfaces pilose. |
Inflorescences | terminal or axillary, 25–50-flowered, ovoid-ellipsoid, 1–2.5 × 1.2–2.5 cm; involucres absent. |
Peduncles | 3–11 cm. |
Pedicels | absent; bracteoles cuplike, to 0.5 mm. |
Flowers | 6–10 mm; calyx tubular, 8–14 mm, densely pubescent, veins 20–30, tube 1–2 mm, lobes nearly equal, appearing rigidly erect, linear-setaceous, plumose, sinuses acute, orifice open; corolla sometimes absent, red-violet, often with white tips, 4–6 mm, banner ovate-oblong, 7–8 × 2–3 mm, apex broadly rounded, apiculate. |
Legumes | obovoid, 3–3.5 mm. |
Seeds | 1, yellow-brown, ellipsoid, 2–2.5 mm, smooth. |
Trifolium columbinum |
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Phenology | Flowering Apr–May. |
Habitat | Grassy slopes, meadows, heavy adobe/clay soils, oak woodland foothills. |
Elevation | 0–1400 m. (0–4600 ft.) |
Distribution |
CA |
Discussion | D. Isely (1998) stated that Central Valley populations of Trifolium columbinum appeared to be extinct and populations outside that region (and here recognized as the same taxon) were similar in calyx and corolla proportions. It is rather widespread in California, ranging from Humboldt County southward to Santa Barbara County, and eastward into counties ranging from Shasta southward to Inyo, Kern, and Placer counties. Trifolium albopurpureum var. olivaceum (Greene) Isely and T. columbinum var. olivaceum (Greene) Jepson are illegitimate names that pertain here (D. J. Keil 2019). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | |
Sibling taxa | |
Synonyms | T. albopurpureum var. columbinum, T. columbinum var. argillorum, T. olivaceum, T. olivaceum var. columbinum, T. olivaceum var. griseum |
Name authority | Greene: Pittonia 1: 4. (1887) |
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