Trifolium ciliolatum |
Trifolium suffocatum |
|
---|---|---|
foothill clover, tree clover |
small cluster clover, suffocated clover, suffocating clover |
|
Habit | Herbs annual, 5–50 cm, glabrous or sparsely hairy. | Herbs annual, 3–10 cm, glabrous or sparsely hairy. |
Stems | erect, branched. |
procumbent or erect, branched. |
Leaves | palmate; stipules ovate-lanceolate, 1–1.5 cm, margins entire, sometimes ciliate, apex acuminate; petiole 1–13 cm; petiolules 0.5 mm; leaflets 3, blades elliptic to oblong or obovate, 0.8–3.5 × 0.5–1.5 cm, base cuneate, veins thickened, margins serrate proximally, obscurely denticulate distally, apex usually rounded or retuse, rarely acute, surfaces glabrous. |
palmate; stipules ovate, 0.3–0.5 cm, margins entire, apex acuminate-subulate; petiole 1–6 cm; petiolules to 0.5 mm; leaflets 3, blades obovate or obcordate, 0.3–0.8 × 0.2–0.6 cm, base cuneate, veins prominent adaxially, margins finely toothed, apex truncate or retuse, surfaces glabrous or sparsely hairy. |
Inflorescences | axillary or terminal, 10–30-flowered, ovoid to subglobose, 0.7–2.2 × 0.5–2 cm; involucres a narrow rim, 0.5 mm, membranous, dentate. |
axillary, 10–20-flowered, dense, globose, 0.5–0.8 × 0.5–0.8 cm; involucres absent, stipules forming involucrelike structures, overtopping inflorescences. |
Peduncles | 2.5–12 cm. |
essentially absent. |
Pedicels | erect becoming reflexed, 0.5–6 mm; bracteoles linear or cup-shaped, to 1 mm. |
straight, 0.1 mm; bracteoles triangular, membranous, 0.5–1.2 mm, apiculate. |
Flowers | 6–13 mm; calyx broadly campanulate, 5–11 mm, glabrous, veins 10, tube 1–5 mm, lobes unequal, elliptic to linear, margins hyaline, dentate or pectinate, ciliate, sinuses narrow, orifice open; corolla white, pink, or purple, 5–13 mm, banner broadly ovate, 6–13 × 4–7 mm, apex rounded, apiculate. |
3–5 mm; calyx tubular, 3–5 mm, slightly hairy or glabrous, veins 10, tube 2–3 mm, lobes subequal, lanceolate, curved in fruit, orifice open; corolla white, 2.5–3.5 mm, banner obovate, 2.5–3.5 × 1 mm, apex acute. |
Legumes | short-stipitate, ovoid, 5–10 mm. |
ovoid-ellipsoid, 3–5 mm. |
Seeds | 1 or 2, brown, mottled, ovoid, 2.5–3 mm, smooth. |
2, yellow, lenticular or reniform, 0.8–1 mm, minutely papillate. |
2n | = 16. |
= 16. |
Trifolium ciliolatum |
Trifolium suffocatum |
|
Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jun. | Flowering Mar–Apr. |
Habitat | Oak-pine chaparral, meadows, roadsides. | Roadsides, gravelly lawns. |
Elevation | 0–1500 m. (0–4900 ft.) | 0–100 m. (0–300 ft.) |
Distribution |
CA; OR; WA; Mexico (Baja California)
|
CA; OR; WA; w Europe; n Africa [Introduced in North America; introduced also in s South America (Chile), w Asia, s Africa, Pacific Islands (New Zealand), Australia] |
Discussion | Trifolium ciliolatum is relatively widespread in California and is found in scattered sites in Baja California, Oregon, and Washington. Trifolium ciliatum Nuttall (1848), which pertains here, is a later homonym of T. ciliatum E. D. Clarke (1813). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Trifolium suffocatum is known from Monterey and San Mateo counties in California, Benton and Coos counties in Oregon, and San Juan County in Washington. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | T. ciliatum var. discolor | |
Name authority | Bentham: Pl. Hartw., 304. (1849) | Linnaeus: Mant. Pl. 2: 276. (1771) |
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