Trifolium ciliolatum |
Trifolium piorkowskii |
|
---|---|---|
foothill clover, tree clover |
marshmallow clover, Piorkowski's clover |
|
Habit | Herbs annual, 5–50 cm, glabrous or sparsely hairy. | Herbs annual, 7–30 cm, glabrous. |
Stems | erect, branched. |
erect or ascending, sparsely to much branched. |
Leaves | palmate; stipules ovate-lanceolate, 1–1.5 cm, margins entire, sometimes ciliate, apex acuminate; petiole 1–13 cm; petiolules 0.5 mm; leaflets 3, blades elliptic to oblong or obovate, 0.8–3.5 × 0.5–1.5 cm, base cuneate, veins thickened, margins serrate proximally, obscurely denticulate distally, apex usually rounded or retuse, rarely acute, surfaces glabrous. |
palmate; stipules ovate-lanceolate, 1–1.5 cm, margins entire, apex acute-acuminate; petiole 8–12 cm; petiolules 1 mm; leaflets 3, blades oblanceolate or obovate, 2.8 × 1.9 cm, base cuneate, veins delicate, margins entire or shallowly dentate distally, lateral veins sometimes ending in a bristle, apex rounded to acute, surfaces glabrous. |
Inflorescences | axillary or terminal, 10–30-flowered, ovoid to subglobose, 0.7–2.2 × 0.5–2 cm; involucres a narrow rim, 0.5 mm, membranous, dentate. |
axillary or terminal, 3–16-flowered, in 1–3 whorls, subglobose, 2–2.8 × 1.8–2.6 cm; involucres bowl-shaped, 6–15 mm, lobes 6–8, broadly lanceolate, margins entire, acuminate, apex 3–5-fid. |
Peduncles | 2.5–12 cm. |
5–15 cm. |
Pedicels | erect becoming reflexed, 0.5–6 mm; bracteoles linear or cup-shaped, to 1 mm. |
straight, 0.5–1 mm; bracteoles absent. |
Flowers | 6–13 mm; calyx broadly campanulate, 5–11 mm, glabrous, veins 10, tube 1–5 mm, lobes unequal, elliptic to linear, margins hyaline, dentate or pectinate, ciliate, sinuses narrow, orifice open; corolla white, pink, or purple, 5–13 mm, banner broadly ovate, 6–13 × 4–7 mm, apex rounded, apiculate. |
12–14 mm; calyx campanulate, 5–8 mm, glabrous, veins 10, tube 2.5–4 mm, lobes 11–15, unequal, abaxial 3–5 forked, adaxial unbranched, orifice open; corolla creamy white to pinkish, 11–13 mm, banner ovate, inflated entire length in fruit, not distally twisted, 11–13 × 5–7 mm, apex rounded. |
Legumes | short-stipitate, ovoid, 5–10 mm. |
ellipsoid, 5–6 mm. |
Seeds | 1 or 2, brown, mottled, ovoid, 2.5–3 mm, smooth. |
1 or 2, gray-brown, black-mottled, subglobose, 2.5 mm, smooth. |
2n | = 16. |
|
Trifolium ciliolatum |
Trifolium piorkowskii |
|
Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jun. | Flowering Apr–May. |
Habitat | Oak-pine chaparral, meadows, roadsides. | Shallow, vernally wet depressions on volcanic flats, banks of watercourses flowing through open rocky grassland, transitional habitats with scattered chaparral and conifers. |
Elevation | 0–1500 m. (0–4900 ft.) | 300–800 m. (1000–2600 ft.) |
Distribution |
CA; OR; WA; Mexico (Baja California)
|
CA |
Discussion | Trifolium ciliolatum is relatively widespread in California and is found in scattered sites in Baja California, Oregon, and Washington. Trifolium ciliatum Nuttall (1848), which pertains here, is a later homonym of T. ciliatum E. D. Clarke (1813). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Trifolium piorkowskii is known only from Shasta County. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | T. ciliatum var. discolor | |
Name authority | Bentham: Pl. Hartw., 304. (1849) | Rand. Morgan & A. L. Barber: Novon, 23: 65, plate 1. (2014) |
Web links |