Trifolium ciliolatum |
Trifolium macilentum |
|
---|---|---|
foothill clover, tree clover |
lean clover |
|
Habit | Herbs annual, 5–50 cm, glabrous or sparsely hairy. | Herbs perennial, 12–38 cm, glabrous. |
Stems | erect, branched. |
erect, ascending, or decumbent, unbranched or branched distally. |
Leaves | palmate; stipules ovate-lanceolate, 1–1.5 cm, margins entire, sometimes ciliate, apex acuminate; petiole 1–13 cm; petiolules 0.5 mm; leaflets 3, blades elliptic to oblong or obovate, 0.8–3.5 × 0.5–1.5 cm, base cuneate, veins thickened, margins serrate proximally, obscurely denticulate distally, apex usually rounded or retuse, rarely acute, surfaces glabrous. |
palmate; stipules lanceolate-elliptic on basal leaves, triangular-ovate on distal leaves, 0.8–3 cm, margins entire, apex acute or acuminate; petiole 1–15 cm; petiolules 1 mm; leaflets 3, blades ovate, rhombic, or lanceolate, 1–4.5 × 0.3–2.5 cm, thin, base cuneate, veins prominent, margins serrate, those of basal leaves setose and/or dentate, apex rounded or acute, surfaces glabrous. |
Inflorescences | axillary or terminal, 10–30-flowered, ovoid to subglobose, 0.7–2.2 × 0.5–2 cm; involucres a narrow rim, 0.5 mm, membranous, dentate. |
terminal or axillary, 20–40-flowered, ovoid or obovoid, 2–4 × 1.4–3.5 cm, rachis internodes between floral whorls elongated; involucres absent. |
Peduncles | 2.5–12 cm. |
4–15 cm. |
Pedicels | erect becoming reflexed, 0.5–6 mm; bracteoles linear or cup-shaped, to 1 mm. |
reflexed, to 1 mm; bracteoles minute, blunt. |
Flowers | 6–13 mm; calyx broadly campanulate, 5–11 mm, glabrous, veins 10, tube 1–5 mm, lobes unequal, elliptic to linear, margins hyaline, dentate or pectinate, ciliate, sinuses narrow, orifice open; corolla white, pink, or purple, 5–13 mm, banner broadly ovate, 6–13 × 4–7 mm, apex rounded, apiculate. |
14–17 mm; calyx campanulate, 4–5.7 mm, sparsely hairy, veins 10, tube 2–3.5 mm, lobes unequal, shorter than tube, narrowly triangular, orifice open; corolla violet or deep purple, 14–17 mm, banner ovate-oblong, 14–16 × 8–10 mm, apex rounded or slightly emarginate. |
Legumes | short-stipitate, ovoid, 5–10 mm. |
oblong or clavate, 4–5 mm. |
Seeds | 1 or 2, brown, mottled, ovoid, 2.5–3 mm, smooth. |
1–3, brown, flattened ovoid, 2 mm, smooth or slightly roughened, dull. |
2n | = 16. |
|
Trifolium ciliolatum |
Trifolium macilentum |
|
Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jun. | Flowering May–Jun. |
Habitat | Oak-pine chaparral, meadows, roadsides. | Dry hillsides. |
Elevation | 0–1500 m. (0–4900 ft.) | 1200–2800 m. (3900–9200 ft.) |
Distribution |
CA; OR; WA; Mexico (Baja California)
|
NV; UT |
Discussion | Trifolium ciliolatum is relatively widespread in California and is found in scattered sites in Baja California, Oregon, and Washington. Trifolium ciliatum Nuttall (1848), which pertains here, is a later homonym of T. ciliatum E. D. Clarke (1813). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Trifolium macilentum and morphologically similar species (T. dedeckerae, T. kingii, T. productum, and T. rollinsii) have been treated in diverse ways. J. M. Gillett (1972) recognized the latter four as distinct and considered T. macilentum a subspecies of T. kingii. D. Isely (1998) recognized T. kingii, T. macilentum, and T. productum, and considered T. dedeckerae and T. rollinsii to be varieties of T. macilentum. R. C. Barneby (1989) treated these as two species, T. kingii (with T. productum in synonymy) and T. macilentum (with T. dedeckerae and T. rollinsii as varieties). M. Zohary and D. Heller (1984) recognized T. kingii, with the other four taxa considered subspecies. As treated here, T. macilentum is known from extreme southwestern Utah and adjacent Nevada. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | T. ciliatum var. discolor | |
Name authority | Bentham: Pl. Hartw., 304. (1849) | Greene: Pittonia 3: 223. (1897) |
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