Trifolium ciliolatum |
Trifolium echinatum |
|
---|---|---|
foothill clover, tree clover |
prickly clover |
|
Habit | Herbs annual, 5–50 cm, glabrous or sparsely hairy. | Herbs annual, 10–50 cm, appressed-hairy. |
Stems | erect, branched. |
erect or ascending, branched from base. |
Leaves | palmate; stipules ovate-lanceolate, 1–1.5 cm, margins entire, sometimes ciliate, apex acuminate; petiole 1–13 cm; petiolules 0.5 mm; leaflets 3, blades elliptic to oblong or obovate, 0.8–3.5 × 0.5–1.5 cm, base cuneate, veins thickened, margins serrate proximally, obscurely denticulate distally, apex usually rounded or retuse, rarely acute, surfaces glabrous. |
palmate; stipules ovate-lanceolate, 0.4–0.8 cm, margins entire, apex acuminate, flared outward; petiole 0.5–6 cm; petiolules 1+ mm; leaflets 3, blades obovate, elliptic, or narrowly elliptic, 0.8–2.5 × 0.4–1.6 cm, base cuneate, veins prominent, thickened abaxially, margins denticulate or serrate, apex rounded, acute, or apiculate, surfaces sparsely hairy. |
Inflorescences | axillary or terminal, 10–30-flowered, ovoid to subglobose, 0.7–2.2 × 0.5–2 cm; involucres a narrow rim, 0.5 mm, membranous, dentate. |
terminal and axillary, 15–50-flowered, obconic or obovoid, 1–2 × 1–1.6 cm; involucres absent. |
Peduncles | 2.5–12 cm. |
0.8–2 cm. |
Pedicels | erect becoming reflexed, 0.5–6 mm; bracteoles linear or cup-shaped, to 1 mm. |
absent; bracteoles absent. |
Flowers | 6–13 mm; calyx broadly campanulate, 5–11 mm, glabrous, veins 10, tube 1–5 mm, lobes unequal, elliptic to linear, margins hyaline, dentate or pectinate, ciliate, sinuses narrow, orifice open; corolla white, pink, or purple, 5–13 mm, banner broadly ovate, 6–13 × 4–7 mm, apex rounded, apiculate. |
9–11 mm; calyx campanulate, 5–8 mm, glabrescent, veins 10, tube 2–3 mm, lobes unequal, triangular-elliptic, stellate-spreading, orifice closed by bilabiate callosities; corolla creamy white, 8–10 mm, banner oblong-spatulate, 8–10 × 2–3 mm, apex acute. |
Legumes | short-stipitate, ovoid, 5–10 mm. |
obovoid, leathery distally, transversely dehiscent, 1.6–2 mm. |
Seeds | 1 or 2, brown, mottled, ovoid, 2.5–3 mm, smooth. |
1, tan or brown, ovoid, 1.2–1.4 mm, smooth, glossy. |
2n | = 16. |
= 16. |
Trifolium ciliolatum |
Trifolium echinatum |
|
Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jun. | Flowering Mar–Jun. |
Habitat | Oak-pine chaparral, meadows, roadsides. | Disturbed roadsides, fields. |
Elevation | 0–1500 m. (0–4900 ft.) | 100–300 m. (300–1000 ft.) |
Distribution |
CA; OR; WA; Mexico (Baja California)
|
AL; LA; c Europe; s Europe; w Asia; n Africa [Introduced in North America] |
Discussion | Trifolium ciliolatum is relatively widespread in California and is found in scattered sites in Baja California, Oregon, and Washington. Trifolium ciliatum Nuttall (1848), which pertains here, is a later homonym of T. ciliatum E. D. Clarke (1813). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Trifolium echinatum was recently discovered in Ouachita Parish in a disturbed construction area; an older record (1902) from ballast in Portland, Oregon, appears to have been a waif. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | T. ciliatum var. discolor | |
Name authority | Bentham: Pl. Hartw., 304. (1849) | M. Bieberstein: Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 2: 216. (1808) |
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