Trifolium ciliolatum |
Trifolium dichotomum |
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foothill clover, tree clover |
branch clover, branch Indian clover, Macrae's clover |
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Habit | Herbs annual, 5–50 cm, glabrous or sparsely hairy. | Herbs annual, 15–30 cm, canescent. |
Stems | erect, branched. |
erect, branched from base and distally, or unbranched. |
Leaves | palmate; stipules ovate-lanceolate, 1–1.5 cm, margins entire, sometimes ciliate, apex acuminate; petiole 1–13 cm; petiolules 0.5 mm; leaflets 3, blades elliptic to oblong or obovate, 0.8–3.5 × 0.5–1.5 cm, base cuneate, veins thickened, margins serrate proximally, obscurely denticulate distally, apex usually rounded or retuse, rarely acute, surfaces glabrous. |
palmate; stipules ovate or elliptic, 0.3–1 cm, margins entire, ciliate, apex acuminate; petiole 0.5–6.5 cm; petiolules 0.5–0.7 mm; leaflets 3, blades obovate or oblanceolate, 0.5–1.5 × 0.2–1.1 cm, base cuneate, veins obscure or slightly thickened, margins dentate, apex rounded or emarginate, surfaces pilose or glabrescent. |
Inflorescences | axillary or terminal, 10–30-flowered, ovoid to subglobose, 0.7–2.2 × 0.5–2 cm; involucres a narrow rim, 0.5 mm, membranous, dentate. |
terminal or axillary, 15–35-flowered, ovoid-ellipsoid, 1.1–2.2 × 1–1.5 cm; involucres absent. |
Peduncles | 2.5–12 cm. |
2.5–10 cm. |
Pedicels | erect becoming reflexed, 0.5–6 mm; bracteoles linear or cup-shaped, to 1 mm. |
absent; bracteoles cuplike, to 0.5 mm. |
Flowers | 6–13 mm; calyx broadly campanulate, 5–11 mm, glabrous, veins 10, tube 1–5 mm, lobes unequal, elliptic to linear, margins hyaline, dentate or pectinate, ciliate, sinuses narrow, orifice open; corolla white, pink, or purple, 5–13 mm, banner broadly ovate, 6–13 × 4–7 mm, apex rounded, apiculate. |
10–12 mm; calyx tubular, 4–8 mm, densely pubescent, veins 20–30, tube 2–4 mm, lobes nearly equal, appearing rigidly erect, linear-setaceous, plumose, sinuses acute, orifice open; corolla red-violet to pink, with pink or white tips, 7–12 mm, banner ovate-oblong, 9–11 × 3–4 mm, apex broadly rounded, emarginate. |
Legumes | short-stipitate, ovoid, 5–10 mm. |
obovoid, 3–3.5 mm. |
Seeds | 1 or 2, brown, mottled, ovoid, 2.5–3 mm, smooth. |
1, yellow-brown, ellipsoid, 2–2.5 mm, smooth. |
2n | = 16. |
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Trifolium ciliolatum |
Trifolium dichotomum |
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Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jun. | Flowering Apr–May. |
Habitat | Oak-pine chaparral, meadows, roadsides. | Grassy slopes, meadows, adjacent to chaparral, serpentine soils, coastal dunes, open slopes, meadows, oak woodlands, disturbed areas. |
Elevation | 0–1500 m. (0–4900 ft.) | 0–1700 m. (0–5600 ft.) |
Distribution |
CA; OR; WA; Mexico (Baja California)
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CA; OR; WA; BC
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Discussion | Trifolium ciliolatum is relatively widespread in California and is found in scattered sites in Baja California, Oregon, and Washington. Trifolium ciliatum Nuttall (1848), which pertains here, is a later homonym of T. ciliatum E. D. Clarke (1813). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Trifolium dichotomum is reportedly tetraploid (H. Wexelsen 1928) and closely related to the diploid T. albopurpureum. A so-called small form of T. dichotomum was named T. dichotomum var. turbinatum [T. californicum forma turbinatum (Jepson) McDermott]. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | T. ciliatum var. discolor | T. albopurpureum var. dichotomum, T. californicum, T. dichotomum var. turbinatum, T. insularum, T. macraei var. dichotomum, T. petrophilum |
Name authority | Bentham: Pl. Hartw., 304. (1849) | Hooker & Arnott: Bot. Beechey Voy., 330. (1838) |
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