Trifolium ciliolatum |
Trifolium attenuatum |
|
---|---|---|
foothill clover, tree clover |
Rocky Mountain clover |
|
Habit | Herbs annual, 5–50 cm, glabrous or sparsely hairy. | Herbs perennial, 5–30 cm, pubescent. |
Stems | erect, branched. |
erect or ascending, cespitose, branched from base, numerous short stems. |
Leaves | palmate; stipules ovate-lanceolate, 1–1.5 cm, margins entire, sometimes ciliate, apex acuminate; petiole 1–13 cm; petiolules 0.5 mm; leaflets 3, blades elliptic to oblong or obovate, 0.8–3.5 × 0.5–1.5 cm, base cuneate, veins thickened, margins serrate proximally, obscurely denticulate distally, apex usually rounded or retuse, rarely acute, surfaces glabrous. |
palmate; stipules lanceolate, 1.8–2 cm, margins entire, apex acute-acuminate; petiole 2.5–10 cm; petiolules to 0.5 mm; leaflets 3, blades linear, lanceolate, or narrowly elliptic, 1.5–6 × 0.3–1 cm, base cuneate, veins moderately thickened, margins entire, apex acuminate or narrowly acute, surfaces glabrous or pubescent. |
Inflorescences | axillary or terminal, 10–30-flowered, ovoid to subglobose, 0.7–2.2 × 0.5–2 cm; involucres a narrow rim, 0.5 mm, membranous, dentate. |
axillary or terminal, 10–20+-flowered, globose, 2.3–3.5 × 2.5–4 cm; involucres formed of proximal bracteoles, bases sometimes connate. |
Peduncles | 2.5–12 cm. |
2–28 cm. |
Pedicels | erect becoming reflexed, 0.5–6 mm; bracteoles linear or cup-shaped, to 1 mm. |
reflexed in fruit, 2–4 mm; bracteoles ovate, 2–4 mm, truncate or acuminate. |
Flowers | 6–13 mm; calyx broadly campanulate, 5–11 mm, glabrous, veins 10, tube 1–5 mm, lobes unequal, elliptic to linear, margins hyaline, dentate or pectinate, ciliate, sinuses narrow, orifice open; corolla white, pink, or purple, 5–13 mm, banner broadly ovate, 6–13 × 4–7 mm, apex rounded, apiculate. |
15–22 mm; calyx campanulate, 8–15 mm, pubescent, veins 10, tube 2.5–7 mm, lobes unequal, subulate, orifice open; corolla red-purple, 16–20 mm, banner broadly oblong-elliptic, 16–20 × 6–7 mm, apex acute, apiculate. |
Legumes | short-stipitate, ovoid, 5–10 mm. |
oblong, 5–6 mm. |
Seeds | 1 or 2, brown, mottled, ovoid, 2.5–3 mm, smooth. |
1–3, brown, ovoid-reniform, 2.5 mm, smooth. |
2n | = 16. |
= 16, 48. |
Trifolium ciliolatum |
Trifolium attenuatum |
|
Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jun. | Flowering Jun–Aug. |
Habitat | Oak-pine chaparral, meadows, roadsides. | Subalpine and alpine slopes, open montane forests. |
Elevation | 0–1500 m. (0–4900 ft.) | 3000–3800 m. (9800–12500 ft.) |
Distribution |
CA; OR; WA; Mexico (Baja California)
|
CO; NM
|
Discussion | Trifolium ciliolatum is relatively widespread in California and is found in scattered sites in Baja California, Oregon, and Washington. Trifolium ciliatum Nuttall (1848), which pertains here, is a later homonym of T. ciliatum E. D. Clarke (1813). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Trifolium attenuatum ranges from Park County in Colorado southward through southern and southwestern Colorado to northern and central New Mexico. J. M. Gillett (1965) found both diploid and hexaploid populations of Trifolium attenuatum but was unable to find morphological distinctions between diploid and hexaploid individuals. Using flavonoid chemotaxonomy, E. V. Parups et al. (1966) found close associations between T. attenuatum, T. brandegeei, and T. haydenii. Trifolium lilacinum Rydberg (1901), which pertains here, is a later homonym of T. lilacinum Greene (1896) and thus illegitimate. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | T. ciliatum var. discolor | T. bracteolatum, T. petraeum, T. stenolobum |
Name authority | Bentham: Pl. Hartw., 304. (1849) | Greene: Pittonia 4: 137. (1900) |
Web links |