Trifolium campestre |
Trifolium jokerstii |
|
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field clover, hop clover, hop trefoil, low hop-clover, pinnate hop clover |
Butte County golden clover, Jim's clover |
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Habit | Herbs annual, 5–40 cm, slightly villous or glabrous. | Herbs annual, 5–20 cm, glabrous. |
Stems | erect to ascending, branched. |
erect-ascending, simple or cespitose, branched or unbranched. |
Leaves | pinnate; stipules ovate-lanceolate, 0.5–0.8 cm, margins entire, glandular, apex acuminate; petiole 0.3–2 cm; lateral leaflet petiolules 0.5–0.6 mm, terminal leaflet stalk 3–5 mm; leaflets 3, blades rhombic to obovate, 0.4–1.5 × 0.4–0.8 cm, base cuneate, lateral veins prominent, ± parallel, ascending, margins denticulate distally, apex truncate or retuse, surfaces strigose adaxially. |
palmate; stipules ovate-lanceolate, 0.8–2 cm, margins toothed, apex rounded to acute; petiole 1–9 cm; petiolules 0.5 mm; leaflets 3, blades elliptic to obovate, 0.5–3.2 × 0.4–1.5 cm, base cuneate, veins fine to slightly thickened, margins usually serrulate, rarely nearly lobed, teeth shortly aristate, apex usually acute or obtuse, rarely emarginate, surfaces glabrous. |
Inflorescences | axillary, 30–60-flowered, globose or broadly ovoid, 0.8–1.5 × 0.7–1 cm; involucres absent. |
axillary or terminal, 10–30-flowered, subglobose, 1.2–3 × 1.2–3 cm; involucres widely campanulate to nearly flat, 6–11 mm. |
Peduncles | 1.5–3.5 cm. |
2–15 cm. |
Pedicels | reflexed, 0.7–1.2 mm; bracteoles a fringe of red setae. |
straight, 0.5 mm; bracteoles absent. |
Flowers | 4.3–5 mm; calyx campanulate, strongly bilabiate, 1.3–1.5 mm, glabrous, veins 5, tube 0.3–0.6 mm, lobes unequal, adaxial deltate, very short, lateral and abaxial linear-subulate, each tipped with 1 or 2 stiff hairs, orifice open; corolla yellow becoming brown, 3.5–6 mm, ribbed, banner persistent, obovate, enveloping other petals, boat-shaped, 4.3–5 × 2.8–3.2 mm, apex broad, acute. |
10–16 mm; calyx campanulate, inflated in fruit, 7–9 mm, sparsely pubescent, veins 5, tube 3.5–4.5 mm, lobes unequal, abaxial and lateral 2- or 3-fid, adaxial unbranched, segments plumose, apex setaceous, orifice open; corolla yellow, 10–15 mm, banner broadly ovate, proximally inflated in fruit, distally narrowed into twisted tip, 10–15 × 3–5 mm, apex obtuse, truncate, or emarginate-apiculate. |
Legumes | stipitate, oblong, 2–2.5 mm. |
stipitate, ovoid, 3.3–3.5 mm. |
Seeds | 1 or 2, yellow, ellipsoid, 1–1.5 mm, smooth, lustrous. |
1 or 2, dark brown, ellipsoid to mitten-shaped, 3.1–3.4 mm, rugose. |
2n | = 14. |
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Trifolium campestre |
Trifolium jokerstii |
|
Phenology | Flowering Jun–Aug. | Flowering Mar–May. |
Habitat | Roadsides, fields. | Wet meadows, streamsides. |
Elevation | 0–1700 m. (0–5600 ft.) | 300–400 m. (1000–1300 ft.) |
Distribution |
AK; AL; AR; AZ; CA; CT; DC; DE; FL; GA; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; KY; LA; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MO; MS; MT; NC; ND; NE; NH; NJ; NM; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; RI; SC; TN; TX; VA; VT; WA; WI; WV; WY; BC; NB; NF; NS; ON; PE; QC; SPM; Europe; w Asia; n Africa [Introduced in North America; introduced also in South America, e Asia (China), s Africa, Pacific Islands (Hawaii, New Zealand), Australia]
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CA |
Discussion | Trifolium filiforme Linnaeus and T. procumbens Linnaeus are rejected names that were used historically for T. campestre (J. E. Dandy 1958; N. J. Turland et al. 1996). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Trifolium jokerstii is known only from Butte County, from Table Mountain and along a stream adjacent to it (M. A. Vincent and R. Morgan 1998). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Chrysaspis campestris | |
Name authority | Schreber in G. F. Hoffmann: Deutschl. Fl. 4: 16, plate 253. (1804) | Vincent & Rand. Morgan: Novon 8: 91, fig. 1. (1998) |
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