Trifolium bifidum |
Trifolium suffocatum |
|
---|---|---|
notch-leaf clover, Pinole clover, piñole clover |
small cluster clover, suffocated clover, suffocating clover |
|
Habit | Herbs annual, 5–55 cm, sparsely pubescent or glabrous. | Herbs annual, 3–10 cm, glabrous or sparsely hairy. |
Stems | erect, branched. |
procumbent or erect, branched. |
Leaves | palmate; stipules ovate to lanceolate, 0.8–1.5 cm, margins entire or slightly serrate, apex acicular; petiole 1–7 cm; petiolules to 0.5 mm; leaflets 3, blades narrowly obcordate, obovate, oblanceolate, or linear, 1–2.5 × 0.3–0.7 cm, base cuneate, veins moderately thickened, margins serrate distally or entire, apex rounded, truncate, shallowly to deeply retuse, or deeply 2-fid, surfaces glabrous or hairy abaxially along midvein. |
palmate; stipules ovate, 0.3–0.5 cm, margins entire, apex acuminate-subulate; petiole 1–6 cm; petiolules to 0.5 mm; leaflets 3, blades obovate or obcordate, 0.3–0.8 × 0.2–0.6 cm, base cuneate, veins prominent adaxially, margins finely toothed, apex truncate or retuse, surfaces glabrous or sparsely hairy. |
Inflorescences | axillary or terminal, 5–30-flowered, globose to subglobose, 0.8–1.5 × 0.8–1.5 cm, rachis prolonged beyond flowers; involucres a very narrow rim, to 0.5 mm. |
axillary, 10–20-flowered, dense, globose, 0.5–0.8 × 0.5–0.8 cm; involucres absent, stipules forming involucrelike structures, overtopping inflorescences. |
Peduncles | 3–8 cm. |
essentially absent. |
Pedicels | reflexed in fruit, 1–3 mm; bracteoles broadly triangular, membranous, to 0.5 mm. |
straight, 0.1 mm; bracteoles triangular, membranous, 0.5–1.2 mm, apiculate. |
Flowers | 6–8 mm; calyx campanulate, 3–3.6 mm, slightly hairy or glabrous, veins 10, tube 1–1.5 mm, lobes unequal, subulate, margins green or purple, orifice open; corolla pink or purple, 5–7 mm, banner elliptic to oblong, 5–7 × 3–4 mm, apex rounded, apiculate. |
3–5 mm; calyx tubular, 3–5 mm, slightly hairy or glabrous, veins 10, tube 2–3 mm, lobes subequal, lanceolate, curved in fruit, orifice open; corolla white, 2.5–3.5 mm, banner obovate, 2.5–3.5 × 1 mm, apex acute. |
Legumes | stipitate, obovoid, 3–4 mm. |
ovoid-ellipsoid, 3–5 mm. |
Seeds | 1 or 2, brown, mottled, oblong, 2–3 mm, smooth. |
2, yellow, lenticular or reniform, 0.8–1 mm, minutely papillate. |
2n | = 16. |
= 16. |
Trifolium bifidum |
Trifolium suffocatum |
|
Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jun. | Flowering Mar–Apr. |
Habitat | Open woodlands, fields, roadsides, slopes, stream margins, meadows. | Roadsides, gravelly lawns. |
Elevation | 0–1200 m. (0–3900 ft.) | 0–100 m. (0–300 ft.) |
Distribution |
CA; OR; WA; BC; Mexico (Baja California)
|
CA; OR; WA; w Europe; n Africa [Introduced in North America; introduced also in s South America (Chile), w Asia, s Africa, Pacific Islands (New Zealand), Australia] |
Discussion | Trifolium bifidum ranges from Baja California, Mexico, northward through California to scattered sites in Oregon, Washington, and British Columbia. Recent re-evaluation of Trifolium bifidum and related species showed complete overlap in characters for the two varieties that have been recognized previously, with no clear distinctions between them (L. Rogers, pers. comm.). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Trifolium suffocatum is known from Monterey and San Mateo counties in California, Benton and Coos counties in Oregon, and San Juan County in Washington. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | T. bifidum var. decipiens, T. greenei, T. hallii | |
Name authority | A. Gray: Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 3: 102. (1864) | Linnaeus: Mant. Pl. 2: 276. (1771) |
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