Trifolium bifidum |
Trifolium retusum |
|
---|---|---|
notch-leaf clover, Pinole clover, piñole clover |
teasel clover |
|
Habit | Herbs annual, 5–55 cm, sparsely pubescent or glabrous. | Herbs annual, 15–40 cm, glabrous. |
Stems | erect, branched. |
erect or ascending, branched. |
Leaves | palmate; stipules ovate to lanceolate, 0.8–1.5 cm, margins entire or slightly serrate, apex acicular; petiole 1–7 cm; petiolules to 0.5 mm; leaflets 3, blades narrowly obcordate, obovate, oblanceolate, or linear, 1–2.5 × 0.3–0.7 cm, base cuneate, veins moderately thickened, margins serrate distally or entire, apex rounded, truncate, shallowly to deeply retuse, or deeply 2-fid, surfaces glabrous or hairy abaxially along midvein. |
palmate; stipules triangular-lanceolate, 0.7–1.5 cm, margins entire, apex stramineous, subulate; petiole 1.5–5 cm; petiolules 1 mm; leaflets 3, blades obovate, oblong, or elliptic, 0.8–1.8 × 0.4–0.9 cm, base cuneate, veins prominent, margins dentate-spinulose, apex rounded to emarginate, surfaces glabrous. |
Inflorescences | axillary or terminal, 5–30-flowered, globose to subglobose, 0.8–1.5 × 0.8–1.5 cm, rachis prolonged beyond flowers; involucres a very narrow rim, to 0.5 mm. |
axillary, 15–30-flowered, globose, 0.8–1 × 0.8–1 cm; involucres absent. |
Peduncles | 3–8 cm. |
0.5–2 cm. |
Pedicels | reflexed in fruit, 1–3 mm; bracteoles broadly triangular, membranous, to 0.5 mm. |
recurved in fruit, 1 mm; bracteoles folded, linear-subulate, 4–5 mm. |
Flowers | 6–8 mm; calyx campanulate, 3–3.6 mm, slightly hairy or glabrous, veins 10, tube 1–1.5 mm, lobes unequal, subulate, margins green or purple, orifice open; corolla pink or purple, 5–7 mm, banner elliptic to oblong, 5–7 × 3–4 mm, apex rounded, apiculate. |
4–5 mm; calyx obconic, 4–5 mm, glabrous, veins 10, tube 1.3–2.1 mm, lobes unequal, longer than tube, subulate, recurved in fruit, orifice open; corolla white or pink, 3.2–4.5 mm, banner ovate, 3–4 × 1–2 mm, apex acute to rounded, entire to slightly erose distally. |
Legumes | stipitate, obovoid, 3–4 mm. |
ovoid-oblong, 4.2–5.5 mm. |
Seeds | 1 or 2, brown, mottled, oblong, 2–3 mm, smooth. |
2, brown, ovoid-reniform, 1 mm, minutely granulose. |
2n | = 16. |
= 16. |
Trifolium bifidum |
Trifolium retusum |
|
Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jun. | Flowering Apr–Jun. |
Habitat | Open woodlands, fields, roadsides, slopes, stream margins, meadows. | Roadsides, lawns. |
Elevation | 0–1200 m. (0–3900 ft.) | 100–800 m. (300–2600 ft.) |
Distribution |
CA; OR; WA; BC; Mexico (Baja California)
|
CA; OR; WA; s Europe; w Asia; introduced also in s Africa; Pacific Islands (New Zealand); Australia [Introduced in North America] |
Discussion | Trifolium bifidum ranges from Baja California, Mexico, northward through California to scattered sites in Oregon, Washington, and British Columbia. Recent re-evaluation of Trifolium bifidum and related species showed complete overlap in characters for the two varieties that have been recognized previously, with no clear distinctions between them (L. Rogers, pers. comm.). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Trifolium retusum is a very recent introduction in the flora area; it is known from relatively few counties in the Pacific Coast states. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | T. bifidum var. decipiens, T. greenei, T. hallii | |
Name authority | A. Gray: Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 3: 102. (1864) | Linnaeus: Demonstr. Pl., 21. (1753) |
Web links |
|
|