Trifolium bifidum |
Trifolium lupinaster |
|
---|---|---|
notch-leaf clover, Pinole clover, piñole clover |
lupine clover |
|
Habit | Herbs annual, 5–55 cm, sparsely pubescent or glabrous. | Herbs perennial, 15–50 cm, glabrous or curly-pilose. |
Stems | erect, branched. |
erect, unbranched or branched distally. |
Leaves | palmate; stipules ovate to lanceolate, 0.8–1.5 cm, margins entire or slightly serrate, apex acicular; petiole 1–7 cm; petiolules to 0.5 mm; leaflets 3, blades narrowly obcordate, obovate, oblanceolate, or linear, 1–2.5 × 0.3–0.7 cm, base cuneate, veins moderately thickened, margins serrate distally or entire, apex rounded, truncate, shallowly to deeply retuse, or deeply 2-fid, surfaces glabrous or hairy abaxially along midvein. |
palmate; stipules adnate entire length of petiole, sheathing, lanceolate-oblong, 0.8–1.3 cm, margins sharply and finely serrate, pilose, apex acute; petiole 0.5–0.7 cm; petiolules 0.5 mm; leaflets (3–)5(–9), blades elliptic to linear-elliptic, 1–4 × 0.3–1.4 cm, base cuneate, veins prominent, cartilagenous, ending in sharp, curved teeth, margins setaceous, apex acute to obtuse, surfaces glabrous except midrib abaxially. |
Inflorescences | axillary or terminal, 5–30-flowered, globose to subglobose, 0.8–1.5 × 0.8–1.5 cm, rachis prolonged beyond flowers; involucres a very narrow rim, to 0.5 mm. |
terminal or axillary, 10–30-flowered, hemispheric or globose, 1.7–2.3 × 2.7–3.3 cm; involucres oblique, to 0.5 mm, wavy to toothed. |
Peduncles | 3–8 cm. |
1–5 cm. |
Pedicels | reflexed in fruit, 1–3 mm; bracteoles broadly triangular, membranous, to 0.5 mm. |
erect or horizontal, 1–3 mm; bracteoles broadly shell-shaped, sometimes connate into lobed ridge, to 0.5 mm. |
Flowers | 6–8 mm; calyx campanulate, 3–3.6 mm, slightly hairy or glabrous, veins 10, tube 1–1.5 mm, lobes unequal, subulate, margins green or purple, orifice open; corolla pink or purple, 5–7 mm, banner elliptic to oblong, 5–7 × 3–4 mm, apex rounded, apiculate. |
11–17 mm; calyx campanulate, oblique, 6–9 mm, glabrous or sparsely hairy distally and along veins, veins 10, tube 3 mm, lobes subequal, pilose, abaxial slightly longer, subulate, orifice open; corolla white to rose-purple, 10–15 mm, banner rolled into open tube, arched upwards distally, 10–15 × 4–5 mm, apex broadly rounded or acute, apiculate. |
Legumes | stipitate, obovoid, 3–4 mm. |
oblong, 6–8 mm. |
Seeds | 1 or 2, brown, mottled, oblong, 2–3 mm, smooth. |
3–6, dark brown or gray-brown, globose-reniform, 1.5–2 mm, slightly roughened, dull. |
2n | = 16. |
= 16, 32, 40, 48. |
Trifolium bifidum |
Trifolium lupinaster |
|
Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jun. | Flowering Jun. |
Habitat | Open woodlands, fields, roadsides, slopes, stream margins, meadows. | Forest glades, meadows. |
Elevation | 0–1200 m. (0–3900 ft.) | 0–400 m. (0–1300 ft.) |
Distribution |
CA; OR; WA; BC; Mexico (Baja California)
|
AK; Asia (n China, Russia) [Introduced in North America] |
Discussion | Trifolium bifidum ranges from Baja California, Mexico, northward through California to scattered sites in Oregon, Washington, and British Columbia. Recent re-evaluation of Trifolium bifidum and related species showed complete overlap in characters for the two varieties that have been recognized previously, with no clear distinctions between them (L. Rogers, pers. comm.). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Populations of Trifolium lupinaster in Alaska appear to have been introduced as a potential forage crop and spread from cultivation (D. F. Murray and H. F. Drury 1974). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | T. bifidum var. decipiens, T. greenei, T. hallii | Lupinaster pentaphyllus, Pentaphyllon lupinaster |
Name authority | A. Gray: Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 3: 102. (1864) | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 766. (1753) |
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