Trifolium bifidum |
Trifolium attenuatum |
|
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notch-leaf clover, Pinole clover, piñole clover |
Rocky Mountain clover |
|
Habit | Herbs annual, 5–55 cm, sparsely pubescent or glabrous. | Herbs perennial, 5–30 cm, pubescent. |
Stems | erect, branched. |
erect or ascending, cespitose, branched from base, numerous short stems. |
Leaves | palmate; stipules ovate to lanceolate, 0.8–1.5 cm, margins entire or slightly serrate, apex acicular; petiole 1–7 cm; petiolules to 0.5 mm; leaflets 3, blades narrowly obcordate, obovate, oblanceolate, or linear, 1–2.5 × 0.3–0.7 cm, base cuneate, veins moderately thickened, margins serrate distally or entire, apex rounded, truncate, shallowly to deeply retuse, or deeply 2-fid, surfaces glabrous or hairy abaxially along midvein. |
palmate; stipules lanceolate, 1.8–2 cm, margins entire, apex acute-acuminate; petiole 2.5–10 cm; petiolules to 0.5 mm; leaflets 3, blades linear, lanceolate, or narrowly elliptic, 1.5–6 × 0.3–1 cm, base cuneate, veins moderately thickened, margins entire, apex acuminate or narrowly acute, surfaces glabrous or pubescent. |
Inflorescences | axillary or terminal, 5–30-flowered, globose to subglobose, 0.8–1.5 × 0.8–1.5 cm, rachis prolonged beyond flowers; involucres a very narrow rim, to 0.5 mm. |
axillary or terminal, 10–20+-flowered, globose, 2.3–3.5 × 2.5–4 cm; involucres formed of proximal bracteoles, bases sometimes connate. |
Peduncles | 3–8 cm. |
2–28 cm. |
Pedicels | reflexed in fruit, 1–3 mm; bracteoles broadly triangular, membranous, to 0.5 mm. |
reflexed in fruit, 2–4 mm; bracteoles ovate, 2–4 mm, truncate or acuminate. |
Flowers | 6–8 mm; calyx campanulate, 3–3.6 mm, slightly hairy or glabrous, veins 10, tube 1–1.5 mm, lobes unequal, subulate, margins green or purple, orifice open; corolla pink or purple, 5–7 mm, banner elliptic to oblong, 5–7 × 3–4 mm, apex rounded, apiculate. |
15–22 mm; calyx campanulate, 8–15 mm, pubescent, veins 10, tube 2.5–7 mm, lobes unequal, subulate, orifice open; corolla red-purple, 16–20 mm, banner broadly oblong-elliptic, 16–20 × 6–7 mm, apex acute, apiculate. |
Legumes | stipitate, obovoid, 3–4 mm. |
oblong, 5–6 mm. |
Seeds | 1 or 2, brown, mottled, oblong, 2–3 mm, smooth. |
1–3, brown, ovoid-reniform, 2.5 mm, smooth. |
2n | = 16. |
= 16, 48. |
Trifolium bifidum |
Trifolium attenuatum |
|
Phenology | Flowering Apr–Jun. | Flowering Jun–Aug. |
Habitat | Open woodlands, fields, roadsides, slopes, stream margins, meadows. | Subalpine and alpine slopes, open montane forests. |
Elevation | 0–1200 m. (0–3900 ft.) | 3000–3800 m. (9800–12500 ft.) |
Distribution |
CA; OR; WA; BC; Mexico (Baja California)
|
CO; NM
|
Discussion | Trifolium bifidum ranges from Baja California, Mexico, northward through California to scattered sites in Oregon, Washington, and British Columbia. Recent re-evaluation of Trifolium bifidum and related species showed complete overlap in characters for the two varieties that have been recognized previously, with no clear distinctions between them (L. Rogers, pers. comm.). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Trifolium attenuatum ranges from Park County in Colorado southward through southern and southwestern Colorado to northern and central New Mexico. J. M. Gillett (1965) found both diploid and hexaploid populations of Trifolium attenuatum but was unable to find morphological distinctions between diploid and hexaploid individuals. Using flavonoid chemotaxonomy, E. V. Parups et al. (1966) found close associations between T. attenuatum, T. brandegeei, and T. haydenii. Trifolium lilacinum Rydberg (1901), which pertains here, is a later homonym of T. lilacinum Greene (1896) and thus illegitimate. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | T. bifidum var. decipiens, T. greenei, T. hallii | T. bracteolatum, T. petraeum, T. stenolobum |
Name authority | A. Gray: Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 3: 102. (1864) | Greene: Pittonia 4: 137. (1900) |
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