Trifolium angustifolium |
Trifolium howellii |
|
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narrow-leaf clover, narrow-leaf crimson clover |
canyon clover, Howell's clover |
|
Habit | Herbs annual, 10–30 cm, appressed-pubescent. | Herbs perennial, 30–100 cm, glabrous. |
Stems | erect, unbranched to sparsely branched. |
erect, fistulose, unbranched or branched distally. |
Leaves | palmate; stipules lanceolate to linear, 0.5–2.2 cm, margins entire, apex lanceolate-linear; petiole 2–3 cm; petiolules 1+ mm; leaflets 3, blades linear-lanceolate, 3–5 × 0.2–0.4 cm, base cuneate, veins fine, margins entire, apex acute, surfaces hairy. |
palmate; stipules ovate, 1.5–4.5 cm, margins usually entire, sometimes lobed, apex acuminate; petiole 0.5–20 cm; petiolules 1–1.5 mm; leaflets 3, blades ovate, elliptic, or rhombic, 3.5–9.5 × 2.3–5 cm, base cuneate, veins obscure, margins ± serrate, apex acute, rounded, or obtuse, surfaces glabrous. |
Inflorescences | terminal, 25–75-flowered, spicate, cylindric or conic, 3–8 × 1.5–2 cm; involucres absent. |
terminal or axillary, 20–70-flowered, globose or ellipsoid, 2.5–4 × 2–2.5 cm, rachis prolonged beyond flowers, undivided or forked, often bearing sterile flower buds distally; involucres absent. |
Peduncles | 1–2.2 cm. |
3–11 cm. |
Pedicels | erect, 0.5 mm; bracteoles absent. |
strongly reflexed in fruit, 1 mm; bracteoles minute, blunt or acute, membranous. |
Flowers | 10–13 mm; calyx tubular, 8–13 mm, tuberculate with appressed, stiff hairs, veins 10, tube 3–5 mm, lobes unequal, abaxial lobes longest, subulate-setaceous, spreading stellate in fruit, orifice closed by bilabiate callosities, hairy; corolla usually pale pink or purple, rarely white, 9–12 mm, banner ovate-elliptic, 9–12 × 2–2.5 mm, apex notched. |
10–14 mm; calyx campanulate, gibbous, 4–5.5 mm, glabrous, veins 10, tube 2–2.5 mm, lobes subequal, linear-lanceolate, orifice open; corolla white, lemon yellow, or greenish yellow, 11–12 mm, banner elliptic-oblong, 11–12 × 4–5 mm, apex obtuse. |
Legumes | ovoid, leathery distally, transversely dehiscent, 2.2–2.5 mm. |
oblong or clavate, 4–5 mm. |
Seeds | 1, light brown or yellow, ovoid, 1.6–2 mm, smooth, glossy. |
1–3, reddish black or brown, angular, mitten-shaped, 2.5 mm, smooth or slightly roughened, dull. |
2n | = 14, 16. |
|
Trifolium angustifolium |
Trifolium howellii |
|
Phenology | Flowering Mar–Apr. | Flowering Jun–Jul. |
Habitat | Waste places, fields, meadows. | Wet stream banks, wet meadows, flood plains, shady woodlands, springs, thickets. |
Elevation | 0–1000 m. (0–3300 ft.) | 800–2000 m. (2600–6600 ft.) |
Distribution |
AL; CA; OR; SC; Europe; w Asia; n Africa; Atlantic Islands (Canary Islands) [Introduced in North America; introduced also in s South America (Chile, Uruguay), s Africa, Pacific Islands (New Zealand), Australia]
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CA; OR
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Discussion | Trifolium angustifolium is spreading rapidly in west-central California and is weedy in many regions globally (R. P. Randall 2002). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Trifolium howellii is known from Del Norte, Humboldt, Siskiyou, and Trinity counties in California, and Clackamas, Douglas, Jackson, Josephine, Klamath, Lane, and Linn counties in Oregon (J. M. Gillett 1972). It has some of the largest leaves of any species of Trifolium in North America. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Trifolium |
Sibling taxa | ||
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 2: 769. (1753) | S. Watson: Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 23: 262. (1888) |
Web links |