Trifolium amoenum |
Trifolium latifolium |
|
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showy Indian clover, two-fork clover |
broad-leaf clover, twin clover |
|
Habit | Herbs annual, 45–65 cm, canescent. | Herbs perennial, 4–40 cm, appressed-pubescent. |
Stems | erect, branched from base and distally, or unbranched. |
ascending, branched from slender, rhizomatous crown. |
Leaves | palmate; stipules ovate-oblong, 0.5–1.8 cm, margins entire, toothed, or irregularly lobed, apex acuminate; petiole 0.5–10 cm; petiolules to 1 mm; leaflets 3, blades broadly obovate or elliptic, 1.7–3.3 × 1.1–2 cm, base cuneate, veins fine, margins entire or denticulate, apex rounded, obtuse, or retuse, surfaces pilose, abaxial less so. |
palmate; stipules ovate or lanceolate, 0.5–2 cm, margins entire proximally, 1–3-toothed distally, apex acuminate or acute; petiole 1.5–10 cm; petiolules to 1 mm; leaflets 3, blades obovate or elliptic, 0.5–4.2 × 0.3–2.5 cm, base cuneate, veins fine or slightly thickened, margins serrulate, apex acute, rounded, or retuse, apiculate, surfaces appressed-pubescent. |
Inflorescences | terminal or axillary, 30–50-flowered, bluntly conic, ellipsoid, globose, or subglobose, 1.5–3 × 1.5–2.5 cm; involucres absent. |
terminal, 6–30-flowered, globose, 2.3–3.1 × 2–3 cm, rachis prolonged beyond flowers; involucres absent. |
Peduncles | 5–15 cm. |
bent proximal to flowers, inflorescence appearing inverted, 2.5–12 cm. |
Pedicels | absent; bracteoles cuplike, to 0.5 mm. |
reflexed in fruit, 1.5–2 mm; bracteoles minute, scalelike, membranous, to 0.3 mm. |
Flowers | 13–16 mm; calyx tubular, 9–12 mm, pubescent, veins 20–30, tube 3 mm, lobes nearly equal, appearing rigidly erect, linear-setaceous, plumose, sinuses acute, orifice open; corolla white to pink with purple tips, 12–16 mm, banner ovate-oblong, 12–15 × 4 mm, apex broadly rounded, emarginate. |
13–17 mm, sweetly fragrant; calyx campanulate, 4.5–5 mm, appressed-pubescent, veins 5, tube 2 mm, lobes subequal, linear, orifice open; corolla white, sometimes with purplish or buff-pink veins, 12–15 mm, banner elliptic, 12–15 × 4 mm, longer than wing and keel petals, apex tapered, sometimes retuse. |
Legumes | obovoid, 4 mm. |
oblong to subglobose, 5 mm. |
Seeds | 1, dark brown, ellipsoid, 2–3 mm, smooth. |
1 or 2, dark brown, ± globose, 1.2 mm, smooth. |
2n | = 16, 32. |
|
Trifolium amoenum |
Trifolium latifolium |
|
Phenology | Flowering Apr–May. | Flowering May–Jul. |
Habitat | Grassy slopes, swales, clay soils. | Clearings in conifer forests, moist gravelly, rocky, or clay soils, grassy hillsides and gullies, prairies. |
Elevation | 0–100 m. (0–300 ft.) | 800–1500 m. (2600–4900 ft.) |
Distribution |
CA
|
ID; MT; OR; WA
|
Discussion | Trifolium amoenum was considered extinct (J. P. Smith Jr. 1984) but was rediscovered in 1993 (P. G. Connors 1994). Specimens of T. amoenum are known from Marin, Napa, San Mateo, Solano, and Sonoma counties; it appears to be extant in only single populations in each of Marin and Solano counties. Allozyme studies of the two known populations revealed fixed genetic differences between them (E. E. Knapp and Connors 1999). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Trifolium latifolium, which is found in northwestern Montana, northern Idaho, northeastern Oregon, and southeastern Washington, is morphologically allied to T. longipes (J. M. Gillett 1969) and molecular phylogenetic studies place it as sister to T. longipes (N. W. Ellison et al. 2006). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. |
Parent taxa | ||
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | T. longipes var. latifolium, T. aitonii, T. orbiculatum | |
Name authority | Greene: Fl. Francisc., 27. (1891) | (Hooker) Greene: Pittonia 3: 223. (1897) |
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