Trientalis borealis |
Trientalis europaea |
|
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maystar, northern starflower, starflower, trientale boréale |
arctic starflower, northern starflower |
|
Stems | 4–20 cm. |
5–30 cm. |
Leaves | mostly whorled at stem apex, some alternate on proximal stem; blades of distal leaves lanceolate to lanceolate-elliptic, 2.5–10(–12) cm × 6–45 mm, widest at midlength, (proximal leaves abruptly much smaller, 0.1–0.6 cm × 0.3–1.5 mm, ± scalelike), apex acute to acuminate. |
whorled or densely crowded at stem apex, becoming alternate and progressively or abruptly smaller proximally; blades of distal leaves obovate or oblanceolate to spatulate (sometimes elliptic), 2–6 cm × 9–26 mm, widest beyond midlength, (proximal leaves smaller, 0.2–2 cm × 1–13 mm, only proximalmost ± scalelike), apex acute to rounded or obtuse. |
Pedicels | 1–3(–5), 1.5–4 cm, shorter than leaves, usually sparsely stipitate-glandular. |
1–2, (1.4–)1.8–5.5 cm, equaling or longer than leaves, sparsely to densely glandular, at least proximally. |
Flowers | corolla white, 5.5–8(–10) mm, lobes ovate to narrowly lanceolate, apex acute to acuminate. |
corolla usually white, 5–9 mm, lobes ovate to broadly elliptic or lanceolate, apex acute to acuminate (or apiculate). |
2n | = 96. |
= 84; 70+, 90, 100, 110, 130, 160, 170 (all Siberia); ca. 128 (Norway); 112, 160 (Europe); 170 (Belarus). |
Trientalis borealis |
Trientalis europaea |
|
Phenology | Flowering summer. | Flowering summer. |
Habitat | Moist to wet coniferous forest, open heath lands, mature northern hardwood forests | Arctic tundra, moist spruce forests, stream banks, moist open meadows, sphagnum bogs and swamps |
Elevation | 30-1100 m (100-3600 ft) | 0-1600 m (0-5200 ft) |
Distribution |
CT; IL; IN; KY; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; NC; NH; NJ; NY; OH; PA; RI; TN; VA; VT; WI; WV; AB; MB; NB; NL; NS; ON; PE; QC; SK; SPM |
AK; CA; ID; OR; WA; AB; BC; NT; SK; YT; n Eurasia
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Discussion | The Alaskan populations of Trientalis europaea have been segregated as T. arctica or T. europaea var. aleutica, based primarily on the number and size of leaves. E. Hultén (1927–1930, vol. 4) reduced these to T. europaea subsp. arctica; he indicated that they (along with populations from eastern Siberia) are merely “geographic races.” He later (1968) mapped them as discrete entities. Other taxonomists (e.g., S. L. Welsh 1974) found intermediates, which I corroborated by examination of herbarium specimens. I believe that a conservative approach is warranted until additional research is undertaken. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
|
Source | FNA vol. 8, p. 304. | FNA vol. 8, p. 304. |
Parent taxa | Myrsinaceae > Trientalis | Myrsinaceae > Trientalis |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | T. americana, T. borealis var. tenuifolia | T. arctica, T. europaea var. aleutica, T. europaea subsp. arctica, T. europaea var. arctica |
Name authority | Rafinesque: Med. Repos., hexade 2, 5: 354. 1808 , | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 344. 1753 , |
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