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trichophore cespiteux, tuft bulrush, tuft clubrush, tuft clubsedge

bashful bulrush, bashful clubsedge

Habit Plants densely cespitose; rhizomes absent. Plants densely cespitose; rhizomes absent.
Culms

grooved, terete, 5–45 cm, smooth.

trigonous, 10–40 cm, scabrous proximal to inflorescence.

Leaves

basal sheaths brown;

distal leaf sheaths concave at mouth;

blades 1.5–8 × 0.3–0.4 mm, much shorter than culms at flowering and fruiting.

basal sheaths brown;

distal leaf sheaths concave at mouth;

blades 10–400 × 0.8–2 mm, equaling or exceeding culms at flowering and fruiting.

Inflorescences

spikelets 3–9-flowered, 3.3–7 × 1.2–3 mm;

bracts equaling spikelets, 3.3–4.5 mm, apex with awn less than 1 mm.

spikelets 3–8-flowered, 4.1–5.2 × 1.5–2.1 mm;

bracts equaling spikelets, 3.7–6 mm, apex awned, awn to 3 mm.

Spikelets

scales reddish brown to dark brown, apex mucronate to acute.

scales orange-brown to dark brown, midribs excurrent, apex mucronate.

Flowers

perianth bristles 6, brown, terete, equaling or exceeding achenes, smooth to scabrous;

anthers 1.5–2.6 mm.

perianth bristles 3–6, brown, terete, nearly equaling achenes, scabrous;

anthers 1–1.5 mm.

Achenes

compressed trigonous, 1.4–1.7 × 0.6–0.9 mm.

compressed trigonous, 1.5–2 × 0.7–1.1 mm.

2n

= 104.

Trichophorum cespitosum

Trichophorum planifolium

Phenology Fruiting summer (May–Aug). Fruiting summer (Jun–Jul).
Habitat Open, wet, rocky or peaty meadows, fens, bogs, shores Mesic to dry hardwood forests, usually with oak component, often on hillsides
Elevation 0–2100 m (0–6900 ft) 50–900 m (200–3000 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AK; ID; ME; MT; NC; NH; NY; OR; SC; TN; UT; VT; WA; AB; BC; MB; NB; NL; NS; NT; NU; ON; PE; QC; SK; YT; montane c Asia; Greenland; Europe; boreal w Asia
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from FNA
CT; DC; DE; IL; MA; MD; MO; NJ; NY; OH; PA; RI; VA; VT; WV; ON
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[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Segregates defined on the basis of characters such as the number of flowers per spike and distal leaf sheath morphology have been recognized at varietal or subspecific ranks in North America and Europe. In North America, at least, these characters are variable within populations and appear to have no geographic integrity. North American plants of Trichophorum cespitosum appear to be identical to subsp. cespitosum (cf. R. A. DeFilipps 1980). No cytological differences have been detected between European and North American populations; all counted plants have 2n = 104 or n = 52.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 23, p. 29. FNA vol. 23, p. 31.
Parent taxa Cyperaceae > Trichophorum Cyperaceae > Trichophorum
Sibling taxa
T. alpinum, T. clementis, T. clintonii, T. planifolium, T. pumilum
T. alpinum, T. cespitosum, T. clementis, T. clintonii, T. pumilum
Synonyms Scirpus cespitosus, Baeothryon cespitosum, Scirpus bracteatus, Scirpus cespitosus var. callosus, Scirpus cespitosus var. delicatulus Isolepis planifolia, Baeothryon planifolium, Baeothryon verecundum, Eleocharis planifolia, Scirpus planifolius, Scirpus verecundus
Name authority (Linnaeus) Schur: Verh. Mitth. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 4: 78. (1853) (Sprengel) Palla: Oesterr. Bot. Z. 63: 402. (1913)
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