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bog St. John's wort, Fraser's marsh-St. John's-wort, Fraser's St. John's-wort, marsh St. John's-wort, millepertuis de Fraser

lesser marsh St. Johnswort

Habit Herbs erect, 1.5–7.5 dm, sometimes with ascending branches in distal 1/2+. Herbs erect, to 10 dm, sometimes branching from near base, sometimes with ascending branches in distal 1/2+.
Stems

shallowly 4-lined at first, then terete.

internodes 2-lined at first, then terete.

Leaves

sessile, sometimes amplexicaul;

blade broadly ovate or triangular-ovate to oblong, 15–50(–70) × 10–40(–50) mm, base usually ± shallowly cordate, rarely truncate, apex rounded to retuse, gland dots laminar (relatively dense) and intramarginal.

sessile or (distal) subsessile, rarely amplexicaul;

blade narrowly oblong or elliptic to oblanceolate, 50–120(–150) × 10–40(–50) mm, base rounded to truncate or subcordate, apex rounded or rounded-apiculate to retuse, gland dots intramarginal.

Inflorescences

spiciform-cylindric, 3–7-flowered from terminal node, with sessile or pedunculate inflorescences and flowering branches from to 4 proximal nodes.

Flowers

15 mm diam.;

sepals narrowly oblong, 4–7 × 1–1.5 mm, apex acute to obtuse;

petals elliptic-obovate, 5–8 mm;

stamen fascicles 4–7 mm;

filaments 1/2+ connate;

styles 0.8–1.5 mm.

Capsules

cylindric, 8–12 × 3.5–4 mm, apex obtuse.

Seeds

0.8–1.2 mm.

Triadenum fraseri

Triadenum tubulosum

Phenology Flowering late summer–early fall (Jul–Sep). Flowering late summer–early fall (Aug–Sep).
Habitat Wooded swamps, fens, marshes, lakeshores, organic to silty and sandy substrates, along shores, beaver meadows, poor fens (rarely in true bogs) Swampy or marshy ground in woods
Elevation 0–500 m (0–1600 ft) 0–500 m (0–1600 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CT; DE; IA; IL; IN; MA; MD; ME; MI; MN; MT; NC; NE; NH; NJ; NY; OH; PA; RI; TN; VA; VT; WI; WV; BC; MB; NB; NL; NS; ON; PE; QC; SK; SPM
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from FNA
AL; AR; FL; GA; IL; IN; KY; LA; MO; MS; NC; OH; SC; TN; TX; VA
[WildflowerSearch map]
Discussion

According to B. Boivin (1967), Triadenum fraseri (as Hypericum virginicum) was introduced into British Columbia from eastern Canada in peat. It seems to be almost always distinguishable from T. virginicum and to have a distinct habitat; it merits specific rank.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

The absence of laminar glands in leaves is a more reliable characteristic for differentiating Triadenum tubulosum from T. walteri than sessile versus petiolate leaves, which are not always quite sessile towards the inflorescence in T. tubulosum, or sepals, which can be obtuse in both.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 6, p. 103. FNA vol. 6, p. 104.
Parent taxa Hypericaceae > Triadenum Hypericaceae > Triadenum
Sibling taxa
T. tubulosum, T. virginicum, T. walteri
T. fraseri, T. virginicum, T. walteri
Synonyms Elodes fraseri, Hypericum virginicum var. fraseri, T. virginicum subsp. fraseri, T. virginicum var. fraseri Hypericum tubulosum, Elodes drummondii, E. pauciflora, E. tubulosa, H. petiolatum var. tubulosum, H. walteri var. tubulosum, T. longifolium
Name authority (Spach) Gleason: Phytologia 2: 289. (1947) (Walter) Gleason: Phytologia 2: 289. (1947)
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