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betony-leaf noseburn

heart-leaf noseburn

Habit Herbs or subshrubs, 2–5 dm.
Stems

erect to trailing, green to whitish green, apex never flexuous.

usually decumbent or twining, rarely erect, gray-green to light green, apex flexuous.

Leaves

petiole 10–40 mm;

blade triangular-lanceolate to triangular-ovate, 1.5–6 × 1–3.5 cm, base cordate to truncate, margins serrate, apex acute.

petiole 15–85 mm;

blade ovate to broadly cordate, 4.5–10(–13) × 3.5–10 cm, base cordate, margins serrate, apex acuminate.

Inflorescences

terminal (often appearing leaf-opposed), glands absent, staminate flowers 15–80 per raceme, distally clustered; staminate bracts 1–2 mm.

terminal (often appearing leaf-opposed), glands absent, staminate flowers 20–60 per raceme; staminate bracts 1.5–2 mm.

Pedicels

staminate 0.7–1 mm, persistent base 0.3–0.6 mm, shorter than subtending bract; pistillate 3–4 mm in fruit.

staminate 1.5–2.2 mm, persistent base 0.7–1 mm; pistillate 2.5–3 mm in fruit.

Staminate flowers

sepals 3–4, green, sometimes red-tinged, 1.2–2.3 mm;

stamens 3(–4), filaments 0.4–1 mm.

sepals 3, green, 0.7–1 mm;

stamens 3, filaments 0.2–0.5 mm.

Pistillate flowers

sepals lanceolate, 1.8–5 mm;

styles connate 1/3 length;

stigmas papillate.

sepals elliptic to ovate, 1.5–2 mm;

styles connate 1/4–1/3 length;

stigmas papillate.

Capsules

7–9 mm wide.

11–13 mm wide.

Seeds

dark brown with light brown streaks, 3–4 mm.

dark brown, 4.3–5.3 mm.

Vines

, 15–20 dm.

Tragia betonicifolia

Tragia cordata

Phenology Flowering late spring–summer; fruiting summer–fall. Flowering spring–fall; fruiting summer–late fall.
Habitat Dry, sandy soils, disturbed fields, prairies, open woods. Rich deciduous forests, riverbanks, rocky thickets.
Elevation 0–400 m. (0–1300 ft.) 50–500 m. (200–1600 ft.)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; KS; LA; MO; MS; OK; TN; TX; VA
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AL; AR; FL; GA; IL; IN; KY; LA; MO; MS; OK; TN; TX
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Plants of Tragia betonicifolia resemble those of T. urticifolia but differ in the greater number of branches from the root crowns, the shorter length of the persistent staminate flower pedicel bases, the longer, narrower pistillate sepals, and the distally clustered arrangement of the staminate flowers.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Both the morphology and ecology of Tragia cordata make it unique among American members of Tragia. The relatively large, heart-shaped leaves separate it from the other Tragia in the flora area; it is the only twining species of Tragia found in the deciduous forest of the Midwest.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 12, p. 186. FNA vol. 12, p. 187.
Parent taxa Euphorbiaceae > Tragia Euphorbiaceae > Tragia
Sibling taxa
T. amblyodonta, T. brevispica, T. cordata, T. glanduligera, T. jonesii, T. laciniata, T. leptophylla, T. nepetifolia, T. nigricans, T. ramosa, T. saxicola, T. smallii, T. urens, T. urticifolia
T. amblyodonta, T. betonicifolia, T. brevispica, T. glanduligera, T. jonesii, T. laciniata, T. leptophylla, T. nepetifolia, T. nigricans, T. ramosa, T. saxicola, T. smallii, T. urens, T. urticifolia
Synonyms T. urticifolia var. texana
Name authority Nuttall: Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., n. s. 5: 173. (1835) — (as betonicaefolia) Michaux: Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 176. (1803)
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