Tortula muralis |
Tortula guepinii |
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tortula moss, wall screw-moss |
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Leaves | ovate or elliptic to obovate, apex broadly acute to rounded or emarginate, short- to long-awned, margins narrowly recurved or revolute to near apex, commonly bordered distally with 2–4 rows of thicker-walled, papillose to smooth cells; costa long-excurrent, lacking an adaxial pad of cells, distally narrow, 3–4(–6) cells across the convex adaxial surface; distal laminal cells hexagonal, 10–15 µm wide, 1:1, strongly papillose with 2(–4)-fid papillae. |
ovate to short-elliptic, apex broadly acute, awned, margins recurved in mid 4/5 of leaf, usually bordered distally with 2–4 rows of smooth or less papillose, some-what thicker-walled cells; costa excurrent in the awn, lacking an adaxial pad of cells, distally narrow, 2–4 cells across the convex adaxial surface; distal laminal cells hexagonal, 16–19 µm wide, 1:1, papillose with 4–6 1- to 2-fid papillae. |
Seta | 0.6–1.5 cm. |
0.7–0.8 cm. |
Sexual condition | autoicous. |
autoicous. |
Capsule | stegocarpic, not systylius, cylindric, erect and nearly straight, urn 1.5–2.7 mm; peristome 300 µm, teeth of 32 filaments twisted 1/2–2 times, basal membrane low, to 50 µm; operculum 0.6–1 mm. |
stegocarpic, not systylius, cylindric, erect and nearly straight, urn 1.2–1.4 mm; peristome ca. 500 µm, of 16 teeth, weakly twisted, divided to below the middle, basal membrane to 75 µm high; operculum ca. 0.8 mm. |
Spores | 8–12 µm, spheric, finely papillose or essentially smooth. |
13–18 µm, spheric, papillose. |
Sporophytes | exerted. |
exerted. |
Tortula muralis |
Tortula guepinii |
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Phenology | Capsules mature spring–summer. | Capsules mature spring. |
Habitat | Calcareous rock, often on bricks or walls | Soil |
Elevation | low to moderate elevations | low elevations |
Distribution |
AK; AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; DC; FL; GA; IA; KY; LA; MD; MI; MO; NC; ND; NJ; NV; NY; OK; OR; PA; SC; TN; TX; UT; VA; WA; WV; BC; NF; NU; ON; West Indies; s South America; Europe; Asia; Africa; Atlantic Islands; Pacific Islands (New Zealand); Australia
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AZ; CA; CO; NM; NV; TX; WY; Mexico (Baja California); sw Europe |
Discussion | Tortula muralis, T. brevipes, and T. plinthobia form an apparently intergrading cline in sporophyte characters, sexual condition, and elaboration of the leaf border. There may be evolutionary advantages associated with such variability, but specimens are occasionally difficult to name satisfactorily. The laminal border of 2–4 rows of thicker walled cells is usually hidden in the margin recurvature except at the leaf apex. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Tortula guepinii resembles T. hoppeana of montane and subarctic distribution in North America and elsewhere, but it is smaller, with leaves less than 2 mm, and cells of the leaf margin are distinctly less papillose at the apex. Tortula plinthobia of the southeastern and southwestern United States has distal laminal cells only 10–13 µm wide. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 27, p. 595. | FNA vol. 27, p. 599. |
Parent taxa | Pottiaceae > subfam. Pottioideae > Tortula | Pottiaceae > subfam. Pottioideae > Tortula |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Desmatodon guepinii | |
Name authority | Hedwig: Sp. Musc. Frond., 123. (1801) | (Bruch & Schimper) Brotherus: in H. G. A. Engler and K. Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 214[I,3]: 430. (1902) |
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