Tortula muralis |
Tortula deciduidentata |
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tortula moss, wall screw-moss |
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Leaves | ovate or elliptic to obovate, apex broadly acute to rounded or emarginate, short- to long-awned, margins narrowly recurved or revolute to near apex, commonly bordered distally with 2–4 rows of thicker-walled, papillose to smooth cells; costa long-excurrent, lacking an adaxial pad of cells, distally narrow, 3–4(–6) cells across the convex adaxial surface; distal laminal cells hexagonal, 10–15 µm wide, 1:1, strongly papillose with 2(–4)-fid papillae. |
ovate to elliptic, occasionally lingulate, apex broadly acute, bluntly acute and muticuous or ending in a truncate or constricted mucro (in perichaetial leaves), margins revolute in proximal 1/2–2/3 of leaf, weakly bordered in distal 2/3 of leaf with 2–6 rows of thicker-walled, smaller cells; costa subpercurrent or percurrent, occasionally excurrent, lacking an adaxial pad of cells, distally narrow, 2(–3) cells across adaxial surface; distal laminal cells hexagonal to short-rectangular, width 13–18(–25) µm, 1(–2):1, smooth. |
Seta | 0.6–1.5 cm. |
0.6–1 cm. |
Sexual condition | autoicous. |
paroicous or autoicous. |
Capsule | stegocarpic, not systylius, cylindric, erect and nearly straight, urn 1.5–2.7 mm; peristome 300 µm, teeth of 32 filaments twisted 1/2–2 times, basal membrane low, to 50 µm; operculum 0.6–1 mm. |
stegocarpic, systylius and pushing the operculum off, cylindric, erect and nearly straight, urn 2.7–3.3 mm; peristome remaining in the operculum, delicate, teeth fragmentary, of somewhat twisted filaments, basal membrane low, hyaline; operculum ca. 1 mm. |
Spores | 8–12 µm, spheric, finely papillose or essentially smooth. |
15–18 µm, spheric, finely papillose. |
Sporophytes | exerted. |
exerted. |
Tortula muralis |
Tortula deciduidentata |
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Phenology | Capsules mature spring–summer. | Capsules mature Jul. |
Habitat | Calcareous rock, often on bricks or walls | Moist crevices, bayside bluff, hill in wet area |
Elevation | low to moderate elevations | low elevations (0 m) (low elevations (0 ft)) |
Distribution |
AK; AL; AR; AZ; CA; CO; DC; FL; GA; IA; KY; LA; MD; MI; MO; NC; ND; NJ; NV; NY; OK; OR; PA; SC; TN; TX; UT; VA; WA; WV; BC; NF; NU; ON; West Indies; s South America; Europe; Asia; Africa; Atlantic Islands; Pacific Islands (New Zealand); Australia
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AK |
Discussion | Tortula muralis, T. brevipes, and T. plinthobia form an apparently intergrading cline in sporophyte characters, sexual condition, and elaboration of the leaf border. There may be evolutionary advantages associated with such variability, but specimens are occasionally difficult to name satisfactorily. The laminal border of 2–4 rows of thicker walled cells is usually hidden in the margin recurvature except at the leaf apex. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Tortula deciduidentata is known only from the type locality at Moller Bay and from Seguam Island, Aleutians (Bank 966, NY, as Gymnostomum calcareum). The perichaetial leaves have an excurrent costa with a truncate apex that appears apically discolored, but no deciduous parts were seen. This rare species is similar to 1a. Tortula cuneifolia var. blissii, and is further discussed there. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 27, p. 595. | FNA vol. 27, p. 592. |
Parent taxa | Pottiaceae > subfam. Pottioideae > Tortula | Pottiaceae > subfam. Pottioideae > Tortula |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Crumia deciduidentata | |
Name authority | Hedwig: Sp. Musc. Frond., 123. (1801) | (Sharp & Z. Iwatsuki) R. H. Zander: Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci. 32: 223. (1993) |
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