Tortula acaulon |
Tortula protobryoides |
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cuspidate earth-moss, tooth phascum moss |
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Leaves | ovate to oblong-lanceolate, apex acute, mucronate to short-awned, occasionally comparatively long-awned, margins recurved proximally to nearly plane, not or weakly bordered distally with slightly thicker-walled cells; costa excurrent, lacking an adaxial pad of cells, distally narrow, 2(–3) cells across adaxial surface; distal laminal cells distally quadrate-hexagonal, width 13–17 µm, 1:1, weakly simply papillose or smooth. |
ovate to oblong-lanceolate, apex broadly acute to rounded, mucronate to short-awned, margins revolute in mid 2/3–3/4 of leaf, weakly bordered from apex to near base with (2–)4 rows of weakly thicker-walled and less-papillose or smooth cells; costa excurrent, lacking an adaxial pad of cells though convex adaxially, distally narrow, 3–4 cells across adaxial surface; distal laminal cells subquadrate to hexagonal, occasionally somewhat elongated longitudinally, width 13–18 µm wide, 1(–2):1, papillose with 4(–6) simple papillae per lumen. |
Seta | very short. |
length 0.2–0.4 cm. |
Sexual condition | autoicous. |
autoicous. |
Capsule | cleistocarpic, spheric to very short-ellipsoid, erect, mostly 0.9–1.3 mm; peristome absent; operculum not differentiated. |
stegocarpic, not systylius, broadly cylindric, erect and nearly straight, urn ca. 1.4–1.5 mm; peristome remaining adherent to the inside of the operculum, teeth rudimentary to linear, to 300 µm, of several filaments variously anastomosing and weakly twisted, basal membrane length to 50 µm; operculum ca. 0.7–0.8 mm, not falling. |
Spores | (25–)33–40 µm, spheric, densely papillose. |
ca. 20–25 µm, spheric, densely low-papillose. |
Sporophytes | immersed. |
exerted. |
Tortula acaulon |
Tortula protobryoides |
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Phenology | Capsules mature winter–spring. | Capsules mature winter–spring. |
Habitat | Soil, lawns, fields, banks | Soil |
Elevation | low to moderate elevations | low elevations |
Distribution |
AK; AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DE; FL; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; LA; MD; MI; MN; MO; MT; NC; NE; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; WA; WI; WV; AB; BC; NS; ON; QC; SK; Mexico; Europe; Asia; n Africa; Pacific Islands (New Zealand)
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AZ; CA; CO; MN; BC; SK; Mexico (Baja California); Europe; sw Asia |
Discussion | The varieties pilifera and schreberiana are not recognized here. The former name may be used for plants with long awns, and the latter for robust specimens ranging to 1 cm tall, but intergrades appear to be common. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 27, p. 595. | FNA vol. 27, p. 592. |
Parent taxa | Pottiaceae > subfam. Pottioideae > Tortula | Pottiaceae > subfam. Pottioideae > Tortula |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Phascum acaulon, Microbryum floerkeanum var. henrici, Phascum cuspidatum, Phascum cuspidatum var. americanum, Phascum cuspidatum var. henrici, Phascum cuspidatum var. piliferum, Phascum cuspidatum var. schreberianum, T. acaulon var. pilifera, T. acaulon var. schreberiana, T. atherodes, T. atherodes var. pilifera, T. atherodes var. schreberiana | Phascum bryoides, Pottia bryoides, Protobryum bryoides |
Name authority | (Withering) R. H. Zander: Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci. 32: 378. (1994) | R. H. Zander: Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci. 32: 226. (1993) |
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