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cuspidate earth-moss, tooth phascum moss

mucronleaf tortula moss

Leaves

ovate to oblong-lanceolate, apex acute, mucronate to short-awned, occasionally comparatively long-awned, margins recurved proximally to nearly plane, not or weakly bordered distally with slightly thicker-walled cells;

costa excurrent, lacking an adaxial pad of cells, distally narrow, 2(–3) cells across adaxial surface;

distal laminal cells distally quadrate-hexagonal, width 13–17 µm, 1:1, weakly simply papillose or smooth.

oblong-lanceolate to obovate or long-elliptic, apex rounded-acute, mucronate to short-awned, margins recurved at base or somewhat higher, not bordered or bordered at base with 3–5 rows of thicker-walled cells, 1–3:1;

costa excurrent, lacking an adaxial pad of cells, distally very gradually narrowing, 3–5 cells across the weakly convex adaxial surface;

distal laminal cells rounded-hexagonal, 14–20(–28) µm wide, 1:1, not papillose or very weakly so.

Seta

very short.

1–2 cm.

Sexual condition

autoicous.

autoicous.

Capsule

cleistocarpic, spheric to very short-ellipsoid, erect, mostly 0.9–1.3 mm;

peristome absent;

operculum not differentiated.

stegocarpic, not systylius, cylindric, erect and nearly straight, urn 3–6 mm;

peristome 1700–2000 µm, teeth of 32 filaments twisted at least 1 full turn, basal membrane high, ca. 1000 µm;

operculum ca. 1–2 mm.

Spores

(25–)33–40 µm, spheric, densely papillose.

12–18 µm, spheric, finely papillose.

Sporophytes

immersed.

exerted.

Tortula acaulon

Tortula mucronifolia

Phenology Capsules mature winter–spring. Capsules mature summer.
Habitat Soil, lawns, fields, banks Soil, calcareous soil, silt, rock, cliffs, walls
Elevation low to moderate elevations low to high elevations (0-2700 m) (low to high elevations (0-8900 ft))
Distribution
from FNA
AK; AR; AZ; CA; CO; CT; DE; FL; IA; ID; IL; IN; KS; LA; MD; MI; MN; MO; MT; NC; NE; NJ; NM; NV; NY; OH; OK; OR; PA; SD; TN; TX; UT; VA; WA; WI; WV; AB; BC; NS; ON; QC; SK; Mexico; Europe; Asia; n Africa; Pacific Islands (New Zealand)
[WildflowerSearch map]
from FNA
AK; AZ; CA; CO; CT; IA; ID; IL; IN; MA; MI; MN; MT; ND; NE; NM; NV; NY; OH; OR; PA; SD; UT; VT; WA; WI; WY; AB; BC; MB; NB; NF; NS; NT; NU; ON; QC; SK; YT; n Asia; Greenland; Europe; Africa
[WildflowerSearch map]
Discussion

The varieties pilifera and schreberiana are not recognized here. The former name may be used for plants with long awns, and the latter for robust specimens ranging to 1 cm tall, but intergrades appear to be common.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Tortula mucronifolia is quite close to T. subulata, differing largely in the clear medial laminal cells of the former, which are not or rarely papillose, and the marginal border less strongly developed or absent. Where their ranges overlap, intermediates may be found.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 27, p. 595. FNA vol. 27, p. 601.
Parent taxa Pottiaceae > subfam. Pottioideae > Tortula Pottiaceae > subfam. Pottioideae > Tortula
Sibling taxa
T. amplexa, T. atrovirens, T. bolanderi, T. brevipes, T. californica, T. cernua, T. cuneifolia, T. deciduidentata, T. guepinii, T. hoppeana, T. inermis, T. lanceola, T. laureri, T. leucostoma, T. modica, T. mucronifolia, T. muralis, T. nevadensis, T. obtusifolia, T. plinthobia, T. porteri, T. protobryoides, T. subulata, T. systylia, T. truncata
T. acaulon, T. amplexa, T. atrovirens, T. bolanderi, T. brevipes, T. californica, T. cernua, T. cuneifolia, T. deciduidentata, T. guepinii, T. hoppeana, T. inermis, T. lanceola, T. laureri, T. leucostoma, T. modica, T. muralis, T. nevadensis, T. obtusifolia, T. plinthobia, T. porteri, T. protobryoides, T. subulata, T. systylia, T. truncata
Synonyms Phascum acaulon, Microbryum floerkeanum var. henrici, Phascum cuspidatum, Phascum cuspidatum var. americanum, Phascum cuspidatum var. henrici, Phascum cuspidatum var. piliferum, Phascum cuspidatum var. schreberianum, T. acaulon var. pilifera, T. acaulon var. schreberiana, T. atherodes, T. atherodes var. pilifera, T. atherodes var. schreberiana
Name authority (Withering) R. H. Zander: Bull. Buffalo Soc. Nat. Sci. 32: 378. (1994) Schwägrichen: Sp. Musc. Frond. Suppl. 1(1): 136, plate 34. (1811)
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