Tillandsia utriculata |
Tillandsia ×smalliana |
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giant wild-pine, spreading airplant |
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Habit | Plants single, flowering to 2 m. Stems short. | Plants single or clustering, flowering to 50 cm. |
Stems | short. |
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Leaves | 20–75, many-ranked, spreading and recurved, not twisted, gray-green (rarely variegated with linear cream stripes), to 1 m × 1.5–3.5 cm, finely appressed-scaly; sheath pale or slightly rust colored, ovate, not inflated, not forming pseudobulb, 6–15 cm wide; blade linear-triangular, leathery, channeled to involute, apex attenuate. |
20–40, many-ranked, erect to spreading, gray, 30–45 × 1–2.2 cm, appressed-grayish-scaly; sheath dark rust-colored, broadly elliptic, conspicuously inflated, forming small pseudobulb, 3–4 cm wide; blade narrowly triangular, leathery, channeled to involute, apex attenuate. |
Inflorescences | scape conspicuous, erect, 20–50 cm, 6–12 mm diam.; bracts densely imbricate proximally, often lax distally, erect to spreading, like leaves but gradually smaller; sheath of bracts narrowing gradually into blade; spikes very laxly 6–11-flowered, erect to spreading, 2–3-pinnate, linear, 15–40 × 10–15 cm, apex acute; branches 5–40 (rarely simple). |
scape conspicuous, erect, 15–35 cm, 3–6 mm diam.; bracts densely imbricate, erect to spreading, like leaves but gradually smaller; sheath of bracts narrowing gradually into blade; spikes erect, 2-pinnate, narrowly elliptic, compressed, 2–6 × 1–1.5 cm, apex acute; lateral branches 3–13. |
Flowers | 10–200, conspicuous; sepals free, elliptic, not keeled, 1.4–2 cm, thin-leathery, veined, apex obtuse, surfaces glabrous; corolla tubular, somewhat bilaterally symmetric, petals erect, slightly twisted, white, ligulate, to 4 cm; stamens exserted; stigma exserted, conduplicate-spiral. |
5–40, conspicuous; sepals with adaxial pair connate, lanceolate, keeled, 2–2.4 cm, thin-leathery, veined, apex acute, surfaces slightly scaly; corolla tubular, petals erect, violet, ligulate, to 5 cm; stamens exserted; stigma exserted, conduplicate-spiral. |
Fruits | to 4 cm. |
to 3.8 cm. |
Floral | bracts widely spaced, erect, green or tinged purple, exposing most of rachis at anthesis, ovate, not keeled, 1.2–2 cm, leathery, venation slight, base visible at anthesis, apex acute, surfaces glabrous. |
bracts imbricate, erect, red, broad (covering all or most of rachis, rachis not visible at anthesis), elliptic, keeled, 2–2.5 cm, leathery, base not visible at anthesis, apex acute, surfaces glabrous, venation even to slight. |
n | = 25 (Puerto Rico, West Indies). |
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Tillandsia utriculata |
Tillandsia ×smalliana |
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Phenology | Flowering summer. | Flowering winter–summer. |
Habitat | Epiphytic on a variety of hosts, often in bright exposed habitats, usually abundant | Epiphytic, usually on Taxodium, in swamps and well-lit hammocks |
Elevation | 0–30 m (0–100 ft) | 0–30 m (0–100 ft) |
Distribution |
FL; Mexico; Central America; South America; West Indies
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FL |
Discussion | Tillandsia × smalliana has usually been misdetermined as T. polystachia (Linnaeus) Linnaeus, a common Caribbean species not known to occur in Florida. The probable parentage of Tillandsia × smalliana is T. balbisiana Schultes f. × T. fasciculata Swartz. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 22. | FNA vol. 22. |
Parent taxa | Bromeliaceae > Tillandsia | Bromeliaceae > Tillandsia |
Sibling taxa | ||
Name authority | Linnaeus: Sp. Pl. 1: 286. (1753) | H. Luther: Phytologia 57:176. (1985) |
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