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fringe-pod, lacepod

large fringe-pod, rib fringe-pod, showy fringe pod

Habit Annuals; not scapose; (glaucous), glabrous or pubescent.
Stems

erect, unbranched or branched distally.

1.5–6 dm.

Leaves

basal and cauline;

petiolate or sessile;

basal (often withered by anthesis or fruiting), not or, rarely, rosulate, shortly petiolate, blade margins subentire, dentate, pinnatifid, or pinnatisect [rarely entire];

cauline sessile, blade (base usually auriculate), margins entire, dentate, or pinnatifid to pinnatisect.

Basal leaves

blade oblanceolate, 1.5–4 cm, margins sinuate-dentate to runcinate-pinnatifid, surfaces usually glabrous, rarely sparsely hirsute, trichomes whitish, 0.3–0.4 mm.

Cauline leaves

blade lance-ovate to lanceolate, widest at base, base auriculate-clasping, auricles extending around stem (at least some leaves).

Racemes

(corymbose, several-flowered), considerably elongated in fruit.

internodes 9–18 mm in fruit.

Flowers

sepals ascending, oblong to ovate, lateral pair not saccate basally;

petals white to purplish, spatulate to oblong, (subequaling or longer than sepals), claw not differentiated from blade;

stamens slightly tetradynamous;

filaments slightly dilated basally;

anthers ovate;

nectary glands each side of lateral stamen or semi-annular, median glands absent.

Fruiting pedicels

often recurved, sometimes divaricate-ascending, slender.

weakly ascending, straight or nearly so, geniculately-reflexed apically, (proximal) 7–18 mm.

Fruits

(pendulous), sessile, cymbiform, orbicular, obovate [ovate, elliptic], smooth, strongly latiseptate;

valves each with prominent midvein, glabrous or pubescent;

replum entire or crenate, often perforated, (winged, wing flattened, with radiating rays);

septum obsolete;

ovule 1 per ovary;

style distinct (relatively short) or obsolete;

stigma entire.

flat, orbicular, (7–10 mm wide);

valves pubescent or glabrous, trichomes pointed, ± 0.2 mm;

wing entire or with undulate margins, rays distinct, ± 0.1 mm wide.

Seeds

aseriate, flattened, not winged, elliptical to orbicular;

seed coat not mucilaginous when wetted;

cotyledons accumbent.

Thysanocarpus

Thysanocarpus radians

Phenology Flowering Mar–Apr.
Habitat Meadows in oak woodlands, fields, swales
Elevation 20-400 m (100-1300 ft)
Distribution
from USDA
w North America; nw Mexico
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CA; OR
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Species 5 (4 in the flora).

Thysanocarpus erectus S. Watson occurs in northwestern Mexico on Cedros and Guadalupe islands and on the mainland of Baja California.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

The large (7–10 mm wide), strongly rayed fruits and geniculately reflexed apices of fruiting pedicels make Thysanocarpus radians a very distinctive species. Occasional plants in northern California appear to be hybrids between T. curvipes and T. radians.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Fruits cymbiform, wings strongly incurved (toward flat side of fruit); raceme internodes ca. 0.7-1.5(-2) mm in fruit.
T. conchuliferus
1. Fruits flat or plano-convex, wings not strongly incurved; raceme internodes (1.5-)2-18 mm in fruit
→ 2
2. Fruiting pedicels weakly ascending, straight or nearly so (geniculately reflexed apically), 7-18 mm; fruits 7-10 mm wide, wings with distinct rays ± 0.1 mm wide.
T. radians
2. Fruiting pedicels smoothly recurved or straight and stiffly spreading, 2-7(-12) mm; fruits 2.5-6(-9) mm wide, wings with indistinct rays or (0-)0.2-0.5 mm wide
→ 3
3. Cauline leaf blades lanceolate, widest at base, bases auriculate-clasping, auricles extending around stems (at least some leaves); basal leaf blade margins subentire to sinuate-dentate, never pinnatifid, surfaces often hirsute, sometimes glabrous.
T. curvipes
3. Cauline leaf blades linear to narrowly elliptic, widest near middle or equally wide throughout, bases not auriculate or inconspicuous auricles not extending around stems; basal leaf blade margins pinnatifid, sinuate-dentate, or subentire, surfaces usually glabrous, rarely sparsely hirsute.
T. laciniatus
Source FNA vol. 7, p. 739. Authors: Patrick J. Alexander, Michael D. Windham. FNA vol. 7, p. 741.
Parent taxa Brassicaceae > tribe Thelypodieae Brassicaceae > tribe Thelypodieae > Thysanocarpus
Sibling taxa
T. conchuliferus, T. curvipes, T. laciniatus
Subordinate taxa
T. conchuliferus, T. curvipes, T. laciniatus, T. radians
Synonyms T. radians var. montanus
Name authority Hooker: Fl. Bor.-Amer. 1: 69, plate 18, fig. A. (1830) Bentham: Pl. Hartw., 297. (1849)
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