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five-needle pricklyleaf

manyawn pricklyleaf

Habit Perennials or subshrubs, ± grayish to green, to 15(–25) cm, usually puberulent to canescent, sometimes glabrescent or glabrous. Annuals, green, to 20(–30) cm, glabrous or puberulent.
Stems

erect or spreading.

erect (branched from bases).

Leaves

mostly opposite;

blades mostly pinnately lobed, 6–28+ mm overall, lobes 3–11 linear to filiform (usually stiff, setiform).

alternate;

blades 15–40 mm overall, lobed, lobes 5–13, linear.

Peduncles

20–100 mm, puberulent or glabrous.

10–70 mm, glabrous or puberulent.

Involucres

obconic to campanulate or hemispheric, 4–6 mm.

obconic to campanulate, 5–6 mm.

Ray florets

(8–)12–21;

corollas yellow to orange-yellow, laminae 2–6(–8) × 1–3 mm.

8–12;

corollas bright yellow, laminae 4–6 × 2–3 mm.

Disc florets

16–40 or 50–80;

corollas yellow, 2–4 mm (tending to zygomorphy in peripheral florets in some plants).

30–45;

corollas yellow, 3 mm.

Phyllaries

12–21, margins of outer distinct 1/5 to nearly all their lengths, abaxial faces puberulent or glabrous.

12–15, margins of outer distinct almost to bases, abaxial faces glabrous or puberulent.

Calyculi

0, or of 1–5 deltate bractlets, lengths less than 1/2 phyllaries.

0, or of 1–2 subulate bractlets, lengths less than 1/2 phyllaries.

Cypselae

2–3 mm;

pappi of 10 erose and/or aristate scales mostly 1–3 mm.

3 mm;

pappi either of erose scales 0.3–0.6 mm, or of 3–5-aristate scales 2–3 mm.

Thymophylla pentachaeta

Thymophylla aurea

Distribution
from FNA
AZ; CA; NM; NV; TX; UT; Mexico [Introduced(?) in South America (Argentina)]
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[BONAP county map]
from FNA
CO; KS; NM; TX; n Mexico
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[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Varieties 4 (4 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Varieties 2 (2 in the flora).

The two varieties of Thymophylla aurea are sometimes found in mixed populations, which may include intermediate plants.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Involucres cylindric, 2–3.5 mm diam.; disc florets 16–40
var. hartwegii
1. Involucres obconic, campanulate, or hemispheric, mostly 4–5 mm diam.; disc florets 50–80
→ 2
2. Peduncles 20–50 mm; margins of outer phyllaries distinct almost to bases
var. belenidium
2. Peduncles (40–)50–100 mm; margins of outer phyllaries distinct less ca. 1/2 or ca. 1/3 their lengths
→ 3
3. Leaf lobes mostly 9–11; phyllaries usually glabrous or glabrescent, rarely hairy
var. pentachaeta
3. Leaf lobes mostly 5–7(–10); phyllaries densely puberulent
var. puberula
1. Pappi of 18–20, 3–5-aristate scales 2–3 mm
var. polychaeta
1. Pappi of 8–10 erose scales 0.3–0.6 mm
var. aurea
Source FNA vol. 21, p. 241. FNA vol. 21, p. 244.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Pectidinae > Thymophylla Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Pectidinae > Thymophylla
Sibling taxa
T. acerosa, T. aurea, T. concinna, T. micropoides, T. setifolia, T. tenuiloba, T. tephroleuca
T. acerosa, T. concinna, T. micropoides, T. pentachaeta, T. setifolia, T. tenuiloba, T. tephroleuca
Subordinate taxa
T. pentachaeta var. belenidium, T. pentachaeta var. hartwegii, T. pentachaeta var. pentachaeta, T. pentachaeta var. puberula
T. aurea var. aurea, T. aurea var. polychaeta
Synonyms Hymenatherum pentachaetum, Dyssodia pentachaeta Lowellia aurea, Dyssodia aurea
Name authority (de Candolle) Small: Fl. S.E. U.S., 1295, 1341. (1903) (A. Gray) Greene: in N. L. Britton and A. Brown, Ill. Fl. N. U.S. 3: 453. (1898)
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