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five-needle pricklyleaf

pricklyleaf dogweed

Habit Perennials or subshrubs, ± grayish to green, to 15(–25) cm, usually puberulent to canescent, sometimes glabrescent or glabrous. Subshrubs or shrubs, green, to 25 cm, usually puberulent, sometimes glabrescent, rarely glabrous.
Stems

erect or spreading.

erect (branched from bases).

Leaves

mostly opposite;

blades mostly pinnately lobed, 6–28+ mm overall, lobes 3–11 linear to filiform (usually stiff, setiform).

mostly opposite;

blades not lobed, linear to acerose, 10–18 mm.

Peduncles

20–100 mm, puberulent or glabrous.

0–10 mm, puberulent or glabrous.

Involucres

obconic to campanulate or hemispheric, 4–6 mm.

campanulate to cylindric, 5–7 mm.

Ray florets

(8–)12–21;

corollas yellow to orange-yellow, laminae 2–6(–8) × 1–3 mm.

7–8;

corollas lemon-yellow, laminae 5–6 × 2–3 mm.

Disc florets

16–40 or 50–80;

corollas yellow, 2–4 mm (tending to zygomorphy in peripheral florets in some plants).

18–25+;

corollas pale yellow, 3–4 mm.

Phyllaries

12–21, margins of outer distinct 1/5 to nearly all their lengths, abaxial faces puberulent or glabrous.

ca. 13, margins of outer distinct less than 1/6 their lengths, abaxial faces puberulent or glabrous.

Calyculi

0, or of 1–5 deltate bractlets, lengths less than 1/2 phyllaries.

of 5 lance-linear bractlets, lengths 1/2+ phyllaries.

Cypselae

2–3 mm;

pappi of 10 erose and/or aristate scales mostly 1–3 mm.

3–3.5 mm;

pappi of ca. 20 scales (each a fascicle of 3–5 bristles), 3–4 mm.

2n

= 16, 24.

Thymophylla pentachaeta

Thymophylla acerosa

Phenology Flowering through the year, mostly summer–fall.
Habitat Calcareous outcrops, gypseous soils
Elevation 1000–2000+ m (3300–6600+ ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AZ; CA; NM; NV; TX; UT; Mexico [Introduced(?) in South America (Argentina)]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AZ; NM; NV; TX; UT; Mexico
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Varieties 4 (4 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Involucres cylindric, 2–3.5 mm diam.; disc florets 16–40
var. hartwegii
1. Involucres obconic, campanulate, or hemispheric, mostly 4–5 mm diam.; disc florets 50–80
→ 2
2. Peduncles 20–50 mm; margins of outer phyllaries distinct almost to bases
var. belenidium
2. Peduncles (40–)50–100 mm; margins of outer phyllaries distinct less ca. 1/2 or ca. 1/3 their lengths
→ 3
3. Leaf lobes mostly 9–11; phyllaries usually glabrous or glabrescent, rarely hairy
var. pentachaeta
3. Leaf lobes mostly 5–7(–10); phyllaries densely puberulent
var. puberula
Source FNA vol. 21, p. 241. FNA vol. 21, p. 241.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Pectidinae > Thymophylla Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Pectidinae > Thymophylla
Sibling taxa
T. acerosa, T. aurea, T. concinna, T. micropoides, T. setifolia, T. tenuiloba, T. tephroleuca
T. aurea, T. concinna, T. micropoides, T. pentachaeta, T. setifolia, T. tenuiloba, T. tephroleuca
Subordinate taxa
T. pentachaeta var. belenidium, T. pentachaeta var. hartwegii, T. pentachaeta var. pentachaeta, T. pentachaeta var. puberula
Synonyms Hymenatherum pentachaetum, Dyssodia pentachaeta Dyssodia acerosa
Name authority (de Candolle) Small: Fl. S.E. U.S., 1295, 1341. (1903) (de Candolle) Strother: Sida 11: 376. (1986)
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