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pricklyleaf dogweed

five-needle pricklyleaf

Habit Subshrubs or shrubs, green, to 25 cm, usually puberulent, sometimes glabrescent, rarely glabrous. Perennials or subshrubs, ± grayish to green, to 15(–25) cm, usually puberulent to canescent, sometimes glabrescent or glabrous.
Stems

erect (branched from bases).

erect or spreading.

Leaves

mostly opposite;

blades not lobed, linear to acerose, 10–18 mm.

mostly opposite;

blades mostly pinnately lobed, 6–28+ mm overall, lobes 3–11 linear to filiform (usually stiff, setiform).

Peduncles

0–10 mm, puberulent or glabrous.

20–100 mm, puberulent or glabrous.

Involucres

campanulate to cylindric, 5–7 mm.

obconic to campanulate or hemispheric, 4–6 mm.

Ray florets

7–8;

corollas lemon-yellow, laminae 5–6 × 2–3 mm.

(8–)12–21;

corollas yellow to orange-yellow, laminae 2–6(–8) × 1–3 mm.

Disc florets

18–25+;

corollas pale yellow, 3–4 mm.

16–40 or 50–80;

corollas yellow, 2–4 mm (tending to zygomorphy in peripheral florets in some plants).

Phyllaries

ca. 13, margins of outer distinct less than 1/6 their lengths, abaxial faces puberulent or glabrous.

12–21, margins of outer distinct 1/5 to nearly all their lengths, abaxial faces puberulent or glabrous.

Calyculi

of 5 lance-linear bractlets, lengths 1/2+ phyllaries.

0, or of 1–5 deltate bractlets, lengths less than 1/2 phyllaries.

Cypselae

3–3.5 mm;

pappi of ca. 20 scales (each a fascicle of 3–5 bristles), 3–4 mm.

2–3 mm;

pappi of 10 erose and/or aristate scales mostly 1–3 mm.

2n

= 16, 24.

Thymophylla acerosa

Thymophylla pentachaeta

Phenology Flowering through the year, mostly summer–fall.
Habitat Calcareous outcrops, gypseous soils
Elevation 1000–2000+ m (3300–6600+ ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AZ; NM; NV; TX; UT; Mexico
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
from FNA
AZ; CA; NM; NV; TX; UT; Mexico [Introduced(?) in South America (Argentina)]
[WildflowerSearch map]
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Varieties 4 (4 in the flora).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Key
1. Involucres cylindric, 2–3.5 mm diam.; disc florets 16–40
var. hartwegii
1. Involucres obconic, campanulate, or hemispheric, mostly 4–5 mm diam.; disc florets 50–80
→ 2
2. Peduncles 20–50 mm; margins of outer phyllaries distinct almost to bases
var. belenidium
2. Peduncles (40–)50–100 mm; margins of outer phyllaries distinct less ca. 1/2 or ca. 1/3 their lengths
→ 3
3. Leaf lobes mostly 9–11; phyllaries usually glabrous or glabrescent, rarely hairy
var. pentachaeta
3. Leaf lobes mostly 5–7(–10); phyllaries densely puberulent
var. puberula
Source FNA vol. 21, p. 241. FNA vol. 21, p. 241.
Parent taxa Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Pectidinae > Thymophylla Asteraceae > tribe Heliantheae > subtribe Pectidinae > Thymophylla
Sibling taxa
T. aurea, T. concinna, T. micropoides, T. pentachaeta, T. setifolia, T. tenuiloba, T. tephroleuca
T. acerosa, T. aurea, T. concinna, T. micropoides, T. setifolia, T. tenuiloba, T. tephroleuca
Subordinate taxa
T. pentachaeta var. belenidium, T. pentachaeta var. hartwegii, T. pentachaeta var. pentachaeta, T. pentachaeta var. puberula
Synonyms Dyssodia acerosa Hymenatherum pentachaetum, Dyssodia pentachaeta
Name authority (de Candolle) Strother: Sida 11: 376. (1986) (de Candolle) Small: Fl. S.E. U.S., 1295, 1341. (1903)
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