Thermopsis montana |
Thermopsis rhombifolia |
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golden banner, golden pea, mountain buck-bean, mountain golden-banner, mountain golden-pea, mountain thermopsis |
buffalo bean, buffalo flower, false-lupine, golden bean, prairie golden bean, prairie thermopsis |
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Habit | Herbs delicate, 2–8(–10) dm, glabrate, appressed-pubescent, or thinly villous. | Herbs dwarf and robust, 1.2–3 dm, glabrate to appressed-pubescent. | ||||
Stems | slender, erect, solitary or clustered, moderately or few-branched, from woody rootstock or rhizomes; branches ascending at 20–45º, weakly or moderately zigzag. |
slender, erect or ascending, solitary or clustered, few-branched, from woody rootstock or rhizomes; branches ascending at 25–50º, weakly zigzag. |
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Leaves | stipules persistent, widely ovate or elliptic, 1.7–4.5 × 0.7–2.5 cm, base oblique to cuneate, apex acuminate or acute; petiole 1–4 cm; leaflet blades elliptic or obovate, 3.5–8 × 0.7–3(–5) cm, lateral veins 6–11 pairs, conspicuously net-veined abaxially or not, apex acute or obtuse, sometimes short-mucronate or emarginate, surfaces sparsely appressed-pubescent or glabrous. |
stipules persistent, ovate to widely ovate or elliptic to widely elliptic, 1–2.6 × 0.5–1.5(–2.2) cm, base cuneate to oblique, apex acute to obtuse, short-mucronate; petiole 0.8–2.2 cm; leaflet blades elliptic to obovate or narrowly elliptic, 1.7–3.3 × 0.6–2 cm, lateral veins 5–7 pairs, conspicuously net-veined abaxially, apex acute to obtuse, sometimes short-mucronate, surfaces appressed-pubescent to sparsely tomentose or glabrate abaxially, glabrous adaxially. |
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Racemes | 6–25-flowered, 4–25 cm; flowers in whorls of 2 or 3 or scattered. |
5–15-flowered, 4–12 cm; flowers in whorls of 2 or 3 or scattered. |
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Peduncles | 2–8 cm; bracts semipersistent, narrowly elliptic or elliptic to widely ovate, 6–10 × 2.5–6 mm. |
1–4 cm; bracts deciduous, elliptic to obovate, 5–9 × 3–5 mm. |
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Pedicels | 3.5–5 mm, villosulous. |
3–7 mm, glabrate to densely appressed-pubescent. |
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Flowers | 1.6–2.2 cm; calyx 9–11 × 5–8 mm at limb, lobes 3–5 mm, shorter than tube; wings and keel petals asymmetrically oblong-elliptic; ovary velutinous or densely appressed-pubescent; ovules 10–16. |
1.9–2.1 cm; calyx (6–)8–10(–12) × 4.5–6 mm at limb, lobes (3–)4–5 mm, equal to or shorter than tube; wing petals asymmetrically oblong to very widely ovate, keel petals asymmetrically oblong-widely elliptic; ovary glabrate to appressed-puberulent; ovules 12–14. |
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Legumes | ascending, straight, 4.5–6.5 × 0.4–0.6 cm, villosulous or appressed-pubescent. |
divergent, strongly arcuate to annular, 3–7 × 0.4–0.7 cm, glabrate to sparsely tomentose. |
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Seeds | 6–16, brown-black, oblong, 3.5–5 × 2.5–3 mm, beaked. |
2–10, brown, elliptic, 3.5–4 × 2.5 mm, beaked. |
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2n | = 18. |
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Thermopsis montana |
Thermopsis rhombifolia |
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Phenology | Flowering May–Jun. | |||||
Habitat | Xeric grasslands in deep alluvial soils and lower canyons, roadsides. | |||||
Elevation | 2000–3000. | |||||
Distribution |
North America
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CO; MT; ND; NE; NM; OK; SD; UT; WI; WY; AB; BC; MB; ON; SK
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Discussion | Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). The strictly erect fruits distinguish Thermopsis montana from T. gracilis and from the superficially similar T. divaricarpa. Intermediate populations and possible hybrids are discussed under T. divaricarpa by C. J. Chen et al. (1994). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Key |
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Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. | ||||
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Thermopsis | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Thermopsis | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | T. rhombifolia var. montana | Cytisus rhombifolius | ||||
Name authority | Nuttall in J. Torrey and A. Gray: Fl. N. Amer. 1: 388. (1840) | (Nuttall ex Pursh) Richardson in J. Franklin: Narr. Journey Polar Sea, 737. (1823) | ||||
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