Thermopsis montana |
Thermopsis fraxinifolia |
|||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
golden banner, golden pea, mountain buck-bean, mountain golden-banner, mountain golden-pea, mountain thermopsis |
ashleaf goldenbanner |
|||||
Habit | Herbs delicate, 2–8(–10) dm, glabrate, appressed-pubescent, or thinly villous. | Herbs delicate, 5–10 dm, glabrate to sparsely puberulent. | ||||
Stems | slender, erect, solitary or clustered, moderately or few-branched, from woody rootstock or rhizomes; branches ascending at 20–45º, weakly or moderately zigzag. |
slender, erect, clustered, many-branched, from single, woody rootstock; branches spreading at 45–80º, strongly zigzag. |
||||
Leaves | stipules persistent, widely ovate or elliptic, 1.7–4.5 × 0.7–2.5 cm, base oblique to cuneate, apex acuminate or acute; petiole 1–4 cm; leaflet blades elliptic or obovate, 3.5–8 × 0.7–3(–5) cm, lateral veins 6–11 pairs, conspicuously net-veined abaxially or not, apex acute or obtuse, sometimes short-mucronate or emarginate, surfaces sparsely appressed-pubescent or glabrous. |
stipules sometimes persistent, lanceolate to narrowly ovate, 1–3.5 × 0.3–0.8 cm, base cuneate, apex acuminate; petiole 1.6–3 cm; leaflet blades elliptic, 4.5–8 × 2–3.5 cm, lateral veins 9–12 pairs, conspicuously net-veined abaxially, apex acute to acuminate, surfaces glabrous or sparsely puberulent. |
||||
Racemes | 6–25-flowered, 4–25 cm; flowers in whorls of 2 or 3 or scattered. |
terminal or lateral, scattered, 12–25 cm; flowers 7–25-flowered. |
||||
Peduncles | 2–8 cm; bracts semipersistent, narrowly elliptic or elliptic to widely ovate, 6–10 × 2.5–6 mm. |
2.5–5.5 cm; bracts persistent, lanceolate, 8–12 × 1–3 mm. |
||||
Pedicels | 3.5–5 mm, villosulous. |
7–17 mm, glabrate. |
||||
Flowers | 1.6–2.2 cm; calyx 9–11 × 5–8 mm at limb, lobes 3–5 mm, shorter than tube; wings and keel petals asymmetrically oblong-elliptic; ovary velutinous or densely appressed-pubescent; ovules 10–16. |
1.6–1.9 cm; calyx 7–9 × 4–5 mm at limb, lobes 2–3 mm, much shorter than tube; wing petals elliptic to asymmetrically oblong-elliptic, keel petals asymmetrically oblong-elliptic; ovary appressed-pubescent; ovules (6–)12–16. |
||||
Legumes | ascending, straight, 4.5–6.5 × 0.4–0.6 cm, villosulous or appressed-pubescent. |
irregularly divergent, straight, (3–)5.5–7.5 × 0.3–0.5 cm, inconspicuously appressed-pubescent. |
||||
Seeds | 6–16, brown-black, oblong, 3.5–5 × 2.5–3 mm, beaked. |
(5–)10–15, brown, reniform, 4 × 2.5 mm, short-beaked. |
||||
2n | = 18. |
|||||
Thermopsis montana |
Thermopsis fraxinifolia |
|||||
Phenology | Flowering (Apr–)May–Jul. | |||||
Habitat | Rich woodlands, upper hillsides along streams, lower elevations along floodplains. | |||||
Elevation | (300–)700–1600 m. ((1000–)2300–5200 ft.) | |||||
Distribution |
North America
|
AL; GA; NC; SC; TN |
||||
Discussion | Varieties 2 (2 in the flora). The strictly erect fruits distinguish Thermopsis montana from T. gracilis and from the superficially similar T. divaricarpa. Intermediate populations and possible hybrids are discussed under T. divaricarpa by C. J. Chen et al. (1994). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Thermopsis fraxinifolia is partially sympatric with T. mollis; in regions of overlap T. fraxinifolia usually occurs at higher elevations along upper slopes of mountainous ridges and hills of the Appalachians. The plant may also occur at lower elevations on alluvial deposits along at least some of the rivers in this region. Thermopsis fraxinifolia can be distinguished from T. mollis by its more robust and more branching habit, lateral (as well as terminal) inflorescences, and relatively longer pedicels. Furthermore, T. mollis propagates by extensive, vigorous rhizomes, which are absent in T. fraxinifolia. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
||||
Key |
|
|||||
Source | FNA vol. 11. | FNA vol. 11. | ||||
Parent taxa | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Thermopsis | Fabaceae > subfam. Faboideae > Thermopsis | ||||
Sibling taxa | ||||||
Subordinate taxa | ||||||
Synonyms | T. rhombifolia var. montana | Baptisia fraxinifolia, T. mollis var. fraxinifolia | ||||
Name authority | Nuttall in J. Torrey and A. Gray: Fl. N. Amer. 1: 388. (1840) | (Nuttall) M. A. Curtis: Amer. J. Sci. Arts 44: 81. (1843) | ||||
Web links |