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bog fern, Massachusetts fern, thélyptère simulatrice

dentate lattice-vein fern, tooth latticevein fern

Stems

long-creeping, 1.5–3 mm diam.

short-creeping, 4–10 mm diam.

Leaves

monomorphic, dying back in winter, often 1 cm or more apart, fertile leaves often somewhat longer than sterile leaves, 25–80 cm.

monomorphic, evergreen, ca. 65–200 cm or more.

Petiole

straw-colored above base, 12–45 cm × 1–3 mm, at base sparsely set with tan, ovate, glabrous scales.

tan, (25–)40–120 cm × 4–10 mm, at base with scales absent or ephemeral.

Blade

lanceolate, 14–35 cm, proximal pinnae largest, or lowest pair slightly smaller, blade tapered gradually to pinnatifid apex.

40–100 cm or more, gradually reduced distally with lanceolate apical pinna that is 1/4 to equaling longest lateral pinna;

buds sometimes present at base of proximal pinna.

Pinnae

deeply pinnatifid to ca. 1 mm from costa, 3–10 × 1–2 cm;

segments oblong, somewhat oblique, entire;

proximal pair of veins from adjacent segments meeting margin above sinus.

lanceolate, 15–25 pairs, (10–)15–25 × (1.5–)2.5–3.5(–4.5) cm, rounded to truncate at base, margin hooked-serrate;

main lateral veins of fertile pinnae 3–5 per cm, with rows of 10–18 areoles between costa and margin, cross-veins somewhat curved.

Sori

round, medial;

indusia tan, often glandular;

sporangia glabrous.

oblong-arcuate, uniseriate between main lateral veins on cross-veins, often appearing confluent at maturity;

indusia lacking;

sporangia glabrous.

Indument

abaxially of sparsely set hairs 0.2–0.4 mm primarily on costae, also of yellowish short-stalked glands less than 0.1 mm, blade tissue with numerous reddish to orangish, resinous, shiny, sessile, hemispheric glands;

blades adaxially with scattered hairs on veins.

abaxially of spreading, irregularly crimped hairs ca. 0.2–0.3 mm on costae and sometimes veins adaxially;

blades glabrous adaxially.

2n

= 128.

= 72.

Thelypteris simulata

Thelypteris serrata

Habitat Terrestrial in acid soils of shaded swamps and bogs, frequently associated with sphagnum Cypress sloughs and swamps
Elevation 0–100 m (0–300 ft) 0–50 m (0–200 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CT; DE; MA; MD; ME; NH; NJ; NY; PA; RI; VA; VT; WI; WV; NB; NS; ON; QC
[WildflowerSearch map]
from FNA
FL; s Mexico; Central America; West Indies in the Antilles; South America to n Argentina
[BONAP county map]
Source FNA vol. 2. FNA vol. 2.
Parent taxa Thelypteridaceae > Thelypteris > subg. Parathelypteris Thelypteridaceae > Thelypteris > subg. Meniscium
Sibling taxa
T. augescens, T. dentata, T. grandis, T. hispidula, T. interrupta, T. kunthii, T. nevadensis, T. noveboracensis, T. ovata, T. palustris, T. patens, T. pilosa, T. puberula, T. quelpaertensis, T. reptans, T. resinifera, T. reticulata, T. sclerophylla, T. serrata, T. tetragona
T. augescens, T. dentata, T. grandis, T. hispidula, T. interrupta, T. kunthii, T. nevadensis, T. noveboracensis, T. ovata, T. palustris, T. patens, T. pilosa, T. puberula, T. quelpaertensis, T. reptans, T. resinifera, T. reticulata, T. sclerophylla, T. simulata, T. tetragona
Synonyms Aspidium simulatum, Parathelypteris simulata Meniscium serratum, Dryopteris serrata
Name authority (Davenport) Nieuwland: Amer. Midl. Naturalist 1: 226. (1910) (Cavanilles) Alston: Kew Bull. 1932: 309. (1932)
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