Thelypteris simulata |
Thelypteris hispidula |
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bog fern, Massachusetts fern, thélyptère simulatrice |
hairy maiden fern, roughhairy maiden fern |
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Stems | long-creeping, 1.5–3 mm diam. |
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Leaves | monomorphic, dying back in winter, often 1 cm or more apart, fertile leaves often somewhat longer than sterile leaves, 25–80 cm. |
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Petiole | straw-colored above base, 12–45 cm × 1–3 mm, at base sparsely set with tan, ovate, glabrous scales. |
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Blade | lanceolate, 14–35 cm, proximal pinnae largest, or lowest pair slightly smaller, blade tapered gradually to pinnatifid apex. |
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Pinnae | deeply pinnatifid to ca. 1 mm from costa, 3–10 × 1–2 cm; segments oblong, somewhat oblique, entire; proximal pair of veins from adjacent segments meeting margin above sinus. |
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Sori | round, medial; indusia tan, often glandular; sporangia glabrous. |
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Indument | abaxially of sparsely set hairs 0.2–0.4 mm primarily on costae, also of yellowish short-stalked glands less than 0.1 mm, blade tissue with numerous reddish to orangish, resinous, shiny, sessile, hemispheric glands; blades adaxially with scattered hairs on veins. |
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2n | = 128. |
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Thelypteris simulata |
Thelypteris hispidula |
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Habitat | Terrestrial in acid soils of shaded swamps and bogs, frequently associated with sphagnum | |
Elevation | 0–100 m (0–300 ft) | |
Distribution |
CT; DE; MA; MD; ME; NH; NJ; NY; PA; RI; VA; VT; WI; WV; NB; NS; ON; QC
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AL; FL; GA; LA; MS; SC; TX; North America; Mexico; Central America; South America; tropical and subtropical; West Indies in the Antilles; Asia; Africa
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Discussion | Varieties 4 (1 in the flora). This species and the next are included in Christella subg. Christella by R. E. Holttum (1982). The relationship between Old World and New World varieties is unstudied. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
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Source | FNA vol. 2. | FNA vol. 2. |
Parent taxa | Thelypteridaceae > Thelypteris > subg. Parathelypteris | Thelypteridaceae > Thelypteris > subg. Cyclosorus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Subordinate taxa | ||
Synonyms | Aspidium simulatum, Parathelypteris simulata | Aspidium hispidulum, Christella hispidula, Cyclosorus quadrangularis, Dryopteris hispidula, Dryopteris quadrangularis, T. quadrangularis |
Name authority | (Davenport) Nieuwland: Amer. Midl. Naturalist 1: 226. (1910) | (Decaisne) C. F. Reed: Phytologia 17: 283. (1968) |
Web links |