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bog fern, Massachusetts fern, thélyptère simulatrice

abrupt-tip maiden fern

Stems

long-creeping, 1.5–3 mm diam.

creeping, 4–8 mm diam.

Leaves

monomorphic, dying back in winter, often 1 cm or more apart, fertile leaves often somewhat longer than sterile leaves, 25–80 cm.

monomorphic, evergreen, (0.5–)1–3.5 cm apart, (30–)65–140 cm.

Petiole

straw-colored above base, 12–45 cm × 1–3 mm, at base sparsely set with tan, ovate, glabrous scales.

straw-colored, 15–70 cm × 2–7(–9) mm, at base with scales tan to brownish, linear-lanceolate, hairy at margin.

Blade

lanceolate, 14–35 cm, proximal pinnae largest, or lowest pair slightly smaller, blade tapered gradually to pinnatifid apex.

30–70 cm, broadest at or near base, abruptly narrowed distally, apical pinna ± similar to lateral pinnae, 5–17 × 1–3(–5) cm.

Pinnae

deeply pinnatifid to ca. 1 mm from costa, 3–10 × 1–2 cm;

segments oblong, somewhat oblique, entire;

proximal pair of veins from adjacent segments meeting margin above sinus.

(4–)10–22(–28) × (0.3–)0.7–1.5 cm, incised 1/2–3/4 of width;

segments somewhat curved, margins revolute, those at base of proximal pinnae slightly elongate;

proximal pair of veins from adjacent segments running to sinus.

Sori

round, medial;

indusia tan, often glandular;

sporangia glabrous.

round, medial to supramedial;

indusia tan, bearing hairs 0.2–0.4 mm;

sporangia glabrous.

Indument

abaxially of sparsely set hairs 0.2–0.4 mm primarily on costae, also of yellowish short-stalked glands less than 0.1 mm, blade tissue with numerous reddish to orangish, resinous, shiny, sessile, hemispheric glands;

blades adaxially with scattered hairs on veins.

abaxially of hairs 0.2–0.4 mm on costae, veins, and blade tissue, also of brownish scales 0.6–1.2 mm on costae;

veins and blade tissue glabrous adaxially.

2n

= 128.

= 144.

Thelypteris simulata

Thelypteris augescens

Habitat Terrestrial in acid soils of shaded swamps and bogs, frequently associated with sphagnum Limestone banks, in sun or partial shade
Elevation 0–100 m (0–300 ft) 0–50 m (0–200 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
CT; DE; MA; MD; ME; NH; NJ; NY; PA; RI; VA; VT; WI; WV; NB; NS; ON; QC
[WildflowerSearch map]
from FNA
FL; s Mexico; West Indies in the Bahamas; Cuba; Central America in Guatemala
Discussion

Thelypteris augescens occasionally hybridizes with T. kunthii and T. ovata var. ovata in southern Florida.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 2. FNA vol. 2.
Parent taxa Thelypteridaceae > Thelypteris > subg. Parathelypteris Thelypteridaceae > Thelypteris > subg. Cyclosorus
Sibling taxa
T. augescens, T. dentata, T. grandis, T. hispidula, T. interrupta, T. kunthii, T. nevadensis, T. noveboracensis, T. ovata, T. palustris, T. patens, T. pilosa, T. puberula, T. quelpaertensis, T. reptans, T. resinifera, T. reticulata, T. sclerophylla, T. serrata, T. tetragona
T. dentata, T. grandis, T. hispidula, T. interrupta, T. kunthii, T. nevadensis, T. noveboracensis, T. ovata, T. palustris, T. patens, T. pilosa, T. puberula, T. quelpaertensis, T. reptans, T. resinifera, T. reticulata, T. sclerophylla, T. serrata, T. simulata, T. tetragona
Synonyms Aspidium simulatum, Parathelypteris simulata Aspidium augescens, Christella augescens, Dryopteris augescens
Name authority (Davenport) Nieuwland: Amer. Midl. Naturalist 1: 226. (1910) (Link) Munz & I. M. Johnston: Amer. Fern J. 12: 75. (1922)
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