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Kunth's maiden fern, southern shield fern, widespread maiden fern

Stems

short- to long-creeping, 4–8 mm diam.

Leaves

monomorphic, evergreen, up to 2(–3) cm apart, (15–)50–160 cm.

Petiole

straw-colored, (5–)20–80 × (1–)3–6 mm, at base with brown, linear-lanceolate, hairy scales.

Blade

(9–)30–80 cm, broadest at base, gradually tapered to pinnatifid apex.

Pinnae

(2–)8–15(–20) × (0.6–)1–2.5 cm, incised 3/5–4/5 of width;

segments oblong, rounded to acute at apex;

proximal pair of veins from adjacent segments running to sinus, or nearly so.

Sori

round, medial to supramedial;

indusia tan, hairy, hairs 0.2–0.4 mm;

sporangial glands obscure, yellowish, stalked, arising from sporangial stalks.

Indument

abaxially of hairs mostly 0.3–1 mm on costae, veins, and blade tissue;

veins adaxially with similar hairs but blade tissue usually without hairs, often with scattered yellowish, stalked glands 0.1 mm.

Distinguished

from other subgenera by the combination of evergreen leaves, usually long- to short-creeping stems more than 5 mm diam., pinnate-pinnatifid blades with proximal pinnae usually not shortened (except Thelypteris hispidula and T. dentata), and some veins meeting margin at or below the sinuses.

x

= 36.

2n

= 144.

Thelypteris kunthii

Thelypteris subg. Cyclosorus

Habitat Roadsides, ditches, riverbanks, woodlands, limestone sinks
Elevation 0–100 m (0–300 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; FL; GA; LA; MS; SC; TX; e,s Mexico; West Indies; Bermuda; Central America to Costa Rica; South America from Colombia to n Brazil
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Discussion

Thelypteris kunthii occasionally hybridizes with T. augescens and T. ovata in Florida; hybrids with T. hispidula may also occur.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Species 7–12 were monographed by A. R. Smith (1971), who treated them in Thelypteris sect. Cyclosorus. These same species were placed in Christella sect. Pelazoneuron by R. E. Holttum (1982, p. 553), who restricted use of Cyclosorus to Thelypteris interrupta (species 15 here) and two other species.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 2. FNA vol. 2.
Parent taxa Thelypteridaceae > Thelypteris > subg. Cyclosorus Thelypteridaceae > Thelypteris
Sibling taxa
T. augescens, T. dentata, T. grandis, T. hispidula, T. interrupta, T. nevadensis, T. noveboracensis, T. ovata, T. palustris, T. patens, T. pilosa, T. puberula, T. quelpaertensis, T. reptans, T. resinifera, T. reticulata, T. sclerophylla, T. serrata, T. simulata, T. tetragona
Subordinate taxa
Synonyms Nephrodium kunthii, Christella normalis, Dryopteris normalis, T. macrorhizoma, T. normalis, T. saxatilis, T. unca subg. Cyclosorus
Name authority (Desvaux) C. V. Morton: Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 38: 53. (1967) (Link) C. V. Morton: Amer. Fern J. 53: 153. (1963)
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