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Kunth's maiden fern, southern shield fern, widespread maiden fern

lattice-vein fern

Stems

short- to long-creeping, 4–8 mm diam.

short- to long-creeping, 3–10 mm diam.

Leaves

monomorphic, evergreen, up to 2(–3) cm apart, (15–)50–160 cm.

monomorphic to somewhat dimorphic, evergreen, fertile leaves with longer petioles, to 2 m or more.

Petiole

straw-colored, (5–)20–80 × (1–)3–6 mm, at base with brown, linear-lanceolate, hairy scales.

tan, to ca. 1 m × 10 mm, at base with scales absent or ephemeral.

Blade

(9–)30–80 cm, broadest at base, gradually tapered to pinnatifid apex.

50–120 cm, with apical pinna similar to lateral pinnae and 1/2 to nearly equaling longest lateral pinna;

buds often present at base of proximal pinna.

Pinnae

(2–)8–15(–20) × (0.6–)1–2.5 cm, incised 3/5–4/5 of width;

segments oblong, rounded to acute at apex;

proximal pair of veins from adjacent segments running to sinus, or nearly so.

to 20 pairs or more, widest at or near rounded or broadly cuneate base, 20–30 × 2–6 cm, margin entire to crenulate;

main lateral veins of fertile pinnae 2–4 per cm, with 12–20 rows of areoles between costa and margin, secondary veins somewhat curved.

Sori

round, medial to supramedial;

indusia tan, hairy, hairs 0.2–0.4 mm;

sporangial glands obscure, yellowish, stalked, arising from sporangial stalks.

oblong-arcuate, uniseriate between lateral veins on cross-veins;

indusia lacking;

sporangia glabrous.

Indument

abaxially of hairs mostly 0.3–1 mm on costae, veins, and blade tissue;

veins adaxially with similar hairs but blade tissue usually without hairs, often with scattered yellowish, stalked glands 0.1 mm.

abaxially of mostly adpressed, curved hairs 0.2–0.3 mm on costae;

blades glabrous adaxially.

2n

= 144.

= 144.

Thelypteris kunthii

Thelypteris reticulata

Habitat Roadsides, ditches, riverbanks, woodlands, limestone sinks Hammocks in subacid, swampy soil in full shade
Elevation 0–100 m (0–300 ft) 0–50 m (0–200 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; FL; GA; LA; MS; SC; TX; e,s Mexico; West Indies; Bermuda; Central America to Costa Rica; South America from Colombia to n Brazil
[WildflowerSearch map]
from FNA
FL; s Mexico; West Indies in the Antilles; South America in Colombia; n Venezuela
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Thelypteris kunthii occasionally hybridizes with T. augescens and T. ovata in Florida; hybrids with T. hispidula may also occur.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Thelypteris reticulata is very rare in the flora.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 2. FNA vol. 2.
Parent taxa Thelypteridaceae > Thelypteris > subg. Cyclosorus Thelypteridaceae > Thelypteris > subg. Meniscium
Sibling taxa
T. augescens, T. dentata, T. grandis, T. hispidula, T. interrupta, T. nevadensis, T. noveboracensis, T. ovata, T. palustris, T. patens, T. pilosa, T. puberula, T. quelpaertensis, T. reptans, T. resinifera, T. reticulata, T. sclerophylla, T. serrata, T. simulata, T. tetragona
T. augescens, T. dentata, T. grandis, T. hispidula, T. interrupta, T. kunthii, T. nevadensis, T. noveboracensis, T. ovata, T. palustris, T. patens, T. pilosa, T. puberula, T. quelpaertensis, T. reptans, T. resinifera, T. sclerophylla, T. serrata, T. simulata, T. tetragona
Synonyms Nephrodium kunthii, Christella normalis, Dryopteris normalis, T. macrorhizoma, T. normalis, T. saxatilis, T. unca Polypodium reticulatum, Dryopteris reticulata, Meniscium reticulatum
Name authority (Desvaux) C. V. Morton: Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 38: 53. (1967) (Linnaeus) Proctor: Bull. Inst. Jamaica, Sci. Ser. 5: 63. (1953)
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