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Kunth's maiden fern, southern shield fern, widespread maiden fern

glandular maiden fern, resinous maiden fern, wax-dot maiden fern

Stems

short- to long-creeping, 4–8 mm diam.

erect, (3–)5–12 mm diam.

Leaves

monomorphic, evergreen, up to 2(–3) cm apart, (15–)50–160 cm.

monomorphic, evergreen, clustered, (15–)25–100(–135) cm;

croziers often mucilaginous.

Petiole

straw-colored, (5–)20–80 × (1–)3–6 mm, at base with brown, linear-lanceolate, hairy scales.

straw-colored, 2–15(–25) cm × 1–4(–6) mm, at base with brownish, ovate-lanceolate, ± glabrous scales.

Blade

(9–)30–80 cm, broadest at base, gradually tapered to pinnatifid apex.

to 110 cm, proximally with 6–12 pairs of smaller pinnae, distally tapering gradually to a pinnatifid apex.

Pinnae

(2–)8–15(–20) × (0.6–)1–2.5 cm, incised 3/5–4/5 of width;

segments oblong, rounded to acute at apex;

proximal pair of veins from adjacent segments running to sinus, or nearly so.

Sori

round, medial to supramedial;

indusia tan, hairy, hairs 0.2–0.4 mm;

sporangial glands obscure, yellowish, stalked, arising from sporangial stalks.

round, medial to submarginal;

indusia tan, glandular, and sparsely hairy.

Indument

abaxially of hairs mostly 0.3–1 mm on costae, veins, and blade tissue;

veins adaxially with similar hairs but blade tissue usually without hairs, often with scattered yellowish, stalked glands 0.1 mm.

abaxially of hairs 0.2–0.5 mm on rachises, costae, and sometimes veins and blade tissue, also of numerous glands, these yellowish to often reddish, resinous, shiny, sessile, hemispheric;

blade tissue adaxially glabrous or sparsely hairy.

Proximal

pinnae hastate or auriculate;

longest (medial) pinnae 2–14(–20) × 0.4–2.5 cm, incised to within 1 mm of costa;

segments 2–3 mm wide, strongly oblique and somewhat curved;

veins meeting margin above sinus.

2n

= 144.

= 58.

Thelypteris kunthii

Thelypteris resinifera

Habitat Roadsides, ditches, riverbanks, woodlands, limestone sinks Damp woods and swamps in subacid soil
Elevation 0–100 m (0–300 ft) 0–100 m (0–300 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; AR; FL; GA; LA; MS; SC; TX; e,s Mexico; West Indies; Bermuda; Central America to Costa Rica; South America from Colombia to n Brazil
[WildflowerSearch map]
from FNA
FL; Mexico; Central America; West Indies in the Greater Antilles; nw South America
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Thelypteris kunthii occasionally hybridizes with T. augescens and T. ovata in Florida; hybrids with T. hispidula may also occur.

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 2. FNA vol. 2.
Parent taxa Thelypteridaceae > Thelypteris > subg. Cyclosorus Thelypteridaceae > Thelypteris > subg. Amauropelta
Sibling taxa
T. augescens, T. dentata, T. grandis, T. hispidula, T. interrupta, T. nevadensis, T. noveboracensis, T. ovata, T. palustris, T. patens, T. pilosa, T. puberula, T. quelpaertensis, T. reptans, T. resinifera, T. reticulata, T. sclerophylla, T. serrata, T. simulata, T. tetragona
T. augescens, T. dentata, T. grandis, T. hispidula, T. interrupta, T. kunthii, T. nevadensis, T. noveboracensis, T. ovata, T. palustris, T. patens, T. pilosa, T. puberula, T. quelpaertensis, T. reptans, T. reticulata, T. sclerophylla, T. serrata, T. simulata, T. tetragona
Synonyms Nephrodium kunthii, Christella normalis, Dryopteris normalis, T. macrorhizoma, T. normalis, T. saxatilis, T. unca Polypodium resiniferum, Amauropelta resinifera, Dryopteris panamensis, T. panamensis
Name authority (Desvaux) C. V. Morton: Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 38: 53. (1967) (Desvaux) Proctor: Bull. Inst. Jamaica, Sci. Ser. 5: 63. (1953)
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