Thelypteris interrupta |
Thelypteris reticulata |
|
---|---|---|
Hottentot fern, spready tri-vein fern, Willdenow's fern, Willdenow's maiden fern |
lattice-vein fern |
|
Stems | long-creeping, cordlike, 3–6 mm diam. |
short- to long-creeping, 3–10 mm diam. |
Leaves | monomorphic, evergreen, 3–6 cm apart, 50–150(–250) cm. |
monomorphic to somewhat dimorphic, evergreen, fertile leaves with longer petioles, to 2 m or more. |
Petiole | straw-colored to tan, 20–125 cm × 3–6 mm, scaleless. |
tan, to ca. 1 m × 10 mm, at base with scales absent or ephemeral. |
Blade | 30–125 cm, broadest at base, gradually narrowed distally to pinnatifid apex. |
50–120 cm, with apical pinna similar to lateral pinnae and 1/2 to nearly equaling longest lateral pinna; buds often present at base of proximal pinna. |
Pinnae | 7–30 × 1–2 cm, incised 1/3–1/2(–3/5) of width; segments deltate, rounded to acute; proximal pair of veins from adjacent segments united at acute or obtuse angle below sinus, with excurrent vein 2–4 mm. |
to 20 pairs or more, widest at or near rounded or broadly cuneate base, 20–30 × 2–6 cm, margin entire to crenulate; main lateral veins of fertile pinnae 2–4 per cm, with 12–20 rows of areoles between costa and margin, secondary veins somewhat curved. |
Sori | round, medial to supramedial; indusia tan, glabrous to hairy; sporangia with red- or orange-capped, stalked, globose glands arising from sporangial stalks. |
oblong-arcuate, uniseriate between lateral veins on cross-veins; indusia lacking; sporangia glabrous. |
Indument | abaxially of hairs 0.1–0.3 mm on costae and veins, or hairs often lacking, costae also with tan, ovate scales; veins, costules, and costae adaxially glabrous or sparsely pubescent; blade tissue without hairs on both sides, or hairy abaxially, usually with red to orange, shiny, sessile, hemispheric glands abaxially. |
abaxially of mostly adpressed, curved hairs 0.2–0.3 mm on costae; blades glabrous adaxially. |
2n | = 144. |
= 144. |
Thelypteris interrupta |
Thelypteris reticulata |
|
Habitat | Wet roadside ditches, riverbanks, marshes, and cypress swamps | Hammocks in subacid, swampy soil in full shade |
Elevation | 0–50 m (0–200 ft) | 0–50 m (0–200 ft) |
Distribution |
FL; LA; Mexico; Central America; West Indies in the Antilles; South America to Argentina; tropical and subtropical Asia; Africa |
FL; s Mexico; West Indies in the Antilles; South America in Colombia; n Venezuela |
Discussion | D. B. Lellinger (1985) applied the name Thelypteris interrupta to specimens from India, while using T. totta (type from South Africa) for North American and South American specimens. Diploid cytotypes are known from Africa and Asia, whereas all counts from the Neotropics are tetraploid. Until more counts are available and the morphologic variation (chiefly in glands, pubescence, and leaf size) in this species complex is better understood, I prefer to circumscribe the species broadly. R. E. Holttum (1982) circumscribed Cyclosorus (as a genus) to include this species and one or two others. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Thelypteris reticulata is very rare in the flora. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 2. | FNA vol. 2. |
Parent taxa | Thelypteridaceae > Thelypteris > subg. Cyclosorus | Thelypteridaceae > Thelypteris > subg. Meniscium |
Sibling taxa | ||
Synonyms | Pteris interrupta, Cyclosorus gongylodes, Cyclosorus interruptus, Cyclosorus tottus, Dryopteris gongylodes, T. gongylodes, T. totta | Polypodium reticulatum, Dryopteris reticulata, Meniscium reticulatum |
Name authority | (Willdenow) K. Iwatsuki: Jap. J. Bot. 38: 314. (1963) | (Linnaeus) Proctor: Bull. Inst. Jamaica, Sci. Ser. 5: 63. (1953) |
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