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downy maiden fern, downy shield fern, tapering tri-vein fern

dentate lattice-vein fern, tooth latticevein fern

Stems

short-creeping, 4–6 mm diam.

short-creeping, 4–10 mm diam.

Leaves

often somewhat dimorphic, evergreen, often closely placed, 50–150 cm, fertile leaves with longer petioles and more contracted pinnae.

monomorphic, evergreen, ca. 65–200 cm or more.

Petiole

often purplish brown, 15–50 cm × 3–6 mm, at base with brown, linear-lanceolate, hairy scales.

tan, (25–)40–120 cm × 4–10 mm, at base with scales absent or ephemeral.

Blade

(25–)40–100 cm, 1–4(–6) proximal pairs of pinnae reduced, blade gradually tapered to pinnatifid apex.

40–100 cm or more, gradually reduced distally with lanceolate apical pinna that is 1/4 to equaling longest lateral pinna;

buds sometimes present at base of proximal pinna.

Pinnae

7–17 × 1–3 cm, incised 1/2–3/4 of width;

segments rounded at apex, basal acroscopic segment of proximal pinnae often auriculate;

proximal pair of veins from adjacent segments united at obtuse angle below sinus with excurrent vein 2–4 mm.

lanceolate, 15–25 pairs, (10–)15–25 × (1.5–)2.5–3.5(–4.5) cm, rounded to truncate at base, margin hooked-serrate;

main lateral veins of fertile pinnae 3–5 per cm, with rows of 10–18 areoles between costa and margin, cross-veins somewhat curved.

Sori

round, medial to supramedial;

indusia tan, pubescent, hairs 0.1–0.3 mm;

sporangial stalks with orangish, stalked glands.

oblong-arcuate, uniseriate between main lateral veins on cross-veins, often appearing confluent at maturity;

indusia lacking;

sporangia glabrous.

Indument

abaxially of uniformly short hairs 0.1–0.2 mm on costae, veins, and blade tissue;

veins adaxially with stouter hairs, also with hairs 0.1–0.2 mm on blade tissue.

abaxially of spreading, irregularly crimped hairs ca. 0.2–0.3 mm on costae and sometimes veins adaxially;

blades glabrous adaxially.

2n

= 144.

= 72.

Thelypteris dentata

Thelypteris serrata

Habitat Damp woods Cypress sloughs and swamps
Elevation 0–100 m (0–300 ft) 0–50 m (0–200 ft)
Distribution
from FNA
AL; FL; GA; KY; LA; s Mexico; West Indies in the Antilles; South America to n Argentina; native to tropical and subtropical Asia; Africa [Introduced in North America]
from FNA
FL; s Mexico; Central America; West Indies in the Antilles; South America to n Argentina
[BONAP county map]
Discussion

Thelypteris dentata probably does not persist northward in areas (such as Kentucky) where winters are sometimes severe (R. Cranfill 1980).

(Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.)

Source FNA vol. 2. FNA vol. 2.
Parent taxa Thelypteridaceae > Thelypteris > subg. Cyclosorus Thelypteridaceae > Thelypteris > subg. Meniscium
Sibling taxa
T. augescens, T. grandis, T. hispidula, T. interrupta, T. kunthii, T. nevadensis, T. noveboracensis, T. ovata, T. palustris, T. patens, T. pilosa, T. puberula, T. quelpaertensis, T. reptans, T. resinifera, T. reticulata, T. sclerophylla, T. serrata, T. simulata, T. tetragona
T. augescens, T. dentata, T. grandis, T. hispidula, T. interrupta, T. kunthii, T. nevadensis, T. noveboracensis, T. ovata, T. palustris, T. patens, T. pilosa, T. puberula, T. quelpaertensis, T. reptans, T. resinifera, T. reticulata, T. sclerophylla, T. simulata, T. tetragona
Synonyms Polypodium dentatum, Christella dentata, Cyclosorus dentatus, Dryopteris dentata, Dryopteris mollis, T. reducta Meniscium serratum, Dryopteris serrata
Name authority (Forsskål) E. P. St. John: Amer. Fern J. 26: 44. (1936) (Cavanilles) Alston: Kew Bull. 1932: 309. (1932)
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