Thelypteris dentata |
Thelypteris hispidula |
|
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downy maiden fern, downy shield fern, tapering tri-vein fern |
hairy maiden fern, roughhairy maiden fern |
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Stems | short-creeping, 4–6 mm diam. |
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Leaves | often somewhat dimorphic, evergreen, often closely placed, 50–150 cm, fertile leaves with longer petioles and more contracted pinnae. |
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Petiole | often purplish brown, 15–50 cm × 3–6 mm, at base with brown, linear-lanceolate, hairy scales. |
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Blade | (25–)40–100 cm, 1–4(–6) proximal pairs of pinnae reduced, blade gradually tapered to pinnatifid apex. |
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Pinnae | 7–17 × 1–3 cm, incised 1/2–3/4 of width; segments rounded at apex, basal acroscopic segment of proximal pinnae often auriculate; proximal pair of veins from adjacent segments united at obtuse angle below sinus with excurrent vein 2–4 mm. |
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Sori | round, medial to supramedial; indusia tan, pubescent, hairs 0.1–0.3 mm; sporangial stalks with orangish, stalked glands. |
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Indument | abaxially of uniformly short hairs 0.1–0.2 mm on costae, veins, and blade tissue; veins adaxially with stouter hairs, also with hairs 0.1–0.2 mm on blade tissue. |
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2n | = 144. |
|
Thelypteris dentata |
Thelypteris hispidula |
|
Habitat | Damp woods | |
Elevation | 0–100 m (0–300 ft) | |
Distribution |
AL; FL; GA; KY; LA; s Mexico; West Indies in the Antilles; South America to n Argentina; native to tropical and subtropical Asia; Africa [Introduced in North America] |
AL; FL; GA; LA; MS; SC; TX; North America; Mexico; Central America; South America; tropical and subtropical; West Indies in the Antilles; Asia; Africa
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Discussion | Thelypteris dentata probably does not persist northward in areas (such as Kentucky) where winters are sometimes severe (R. Cranfill 1980). (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Varieties 4 (1 in the flora). This species and the next are included in Christella subg. Christella by R. E. Holttum (1982). The relationship between Old World and New World varieties is unstudied. (Discussion copyrighted by Flora of North America; reprinted with permission.) |
Source | FNA vol. 2. | FNA vol. 2. |
Parent taxa | Thelypteridaceae > Thelypteris > subg. Cyclosorus | Thelypteridaceae > Thelypteris > subg. Cyclosorus |
Sibling taxa | ||
Subordinate taxa | ||
Synonyms | Polypodium dentatum, Christella dentata, Cyclosorus dentatus, Dryopteris dentata, Dryopteris mollis, T. reducta | Aspidium hispidulum, Christella hispidula, Cyclosorus quadrangularis, Dryopteris hispidula, Dryopteris quadrangularis, T. quadrangularis |
Name authority | (Forsskål) E. P. St. John: Amer. Fern J. 26: 44. (1936) | (Decaisne) C. F. Reed: Phytologia 17: 283. (1968) |
Web links |