Flora of North America species comparison

creeping, or forming stipe perpendicular to substrate;

secondary branches produced regularly along stem or only distally;

paraphyllia absent or present, few to many, simple or branched;

pseudoparaphyllia filamentous to foliose;

rhizoids present only on primary stem or branch apices that touch substrate.

ovate, 1.5–2 × 0.5–0.6 mm;

margins coarsely serrate at apex;

apex acute to acuminate;

basal laminal cells 6–10 × 1–2 µm;

medial juxtacostal cells short-rhomboidal, longest axis 45° to costa, 3–5 × 1–2 µm;

apical cells elongate-rhombic, 3–5 × 1–2 µm. Sexual condition synoicous or autoicous.

short to long, smooth.

synoicous, autoicous, or dioicous.

erect, suberect, or horizontal, immersed to exserted;

peristome double (single in Neomacounia);

exostome with external surface smooth or cross striolate, papillose distally;

endostome basal membrane low or high, segments linear to lanceolate, smooth to papillose, perforated along keel by narrow slits, cilia absent or 1–3, often connate.

cucullate, naked or hairy.

papillose to finely papillose.

stem leaves 2–3.5 × 1.4 mm.

stem and branch leaves widely erect, erect-spreading, or spreading, ovate, ovate-ligulate, oblong-ligulate, oblong-ovate, or ovate-lanceolate, symmetric or asymmetric, flat or undulate, crisped or slightly plicate;

base occasionally auriculate, basal lobes absent (small lobe present at adaxial base of lateral leaves in Homaliadelphus);

margins usually entire basally, slightly serrulate, serrate, or entire at apex;

apex truncate, obtuse, obtuse-apiculate, or broadly to narrowly acute;

costa double, single, or ecostate;

basal laminal cells linear to rectangular, smooth or prorulose, walls pitted or not;

distal medial cells rhomboidal, fusiform to linear, or linear-flexuose;

apical cells round, oval, rhombic, rhomboidal, or fusiform.

stem leaves appressed, erect-appressed, or erect-spreading, ovate, lanceolate, or deltoid;

margins entire to serrulate;

apex obtuse, broadly acute, or acute; ecostate, costa double and short, or single;

distal medial laminal cells rhomboidal to fusiform, smooth to papillose.

leaves of dendroid plants appressed, erect-spreading, or erect, obovate, deltoid, or lanceolate;

margins plane to recurved, usually entire;

apex acute;

costa single;

distal medial laminal cells fusiform, linear to rectangular.